规模农业对农产品质量安全的影响分析——以黑龙江垦区为例

生产经营方式与农产品质量安全有密切的关系,发展以规模农业为主要方向的现代农业是确保农产品质量安全的关键举措之一。基于规模农业对提升农产品质量安全水平、实现全链条质量跟踪和高效监督的积极意义,结合黑龙江垦区现代化规模农业发展的实践,分析规模农业发展对农产品质量安全带来的潜在风险。结果表明,现代农业技术、高度集约化生产、农业产业化经营对公众健康、环境及质量追溯能产生积极的影响,可实现对农产品质量安全的高效监督。但是,在农业技术研究落后于实践需求、集约化生产和组织化监管不完善的条件下,对公众健康安全、环境污染、农产品质量与追溯等则会产生潜在危害和负面影响。研究表明,在以转变农业经营观念为主导的现代农业可持续发展路径选择和实践中,规模农业发展模式在保障我国农产品质量安全中的作用将逐步增强。因此,在发展规模农业的背景下,提出以完善现代农业技术体系、推进可持续的高度集约化经营、提升生产主体执行标准化能力、把握规模与效率的关系等规避规模农业风险和保障农产品安全的具体对策。

Effects of scale agriculture on product quality and safety: A case study of Heilongjiang reclamation area

There is a close relationship between agricultural production and management and the product quality and safety, and the development of scale agriculture is one of the key measures to agricultural product quality and safety. Based on the enhancement of the level of product quality and safety, tracking and supervising the whole industrial chain of agricultural products under scale agriculture, and combination of the development practice of modernization and scale agriculture in Heilongjiang reclamation area, this paper analyzed the potential risks resulted from the development of scale agriculture. Results show that modern agricultural technology, highly intensive production and agricultural industrialization have significant positive influences on public health, environment and quality traceability of agricultural products. However, lagged agricultural technology research, imperfect intensive production, and organizational regulation have negative impacts on public health, environment pollution, and the traceability of agricultural product quality. At the same time, the scale agriculture model will gradually take more important role in ensuring product quality and safety, during the route selection and practice of the sustainable development of modern agricultural in China. Therefore, this paper provide the following specific countermeasures of avoiding the risk of the scale agriculture and ensuring product quality and safety, including to perfect modern agricultural technology system, to promote sustainable intensive management, to enhance the performing standardization ability of the main production body, and to harmonize production scale and production efficiency.