农业废弃物堆肥防治番茄根结线虫病的效果评价

为筛选防治番茄根结线虫病的农业废弃物材料及其合适的施用量,将6种农业废弃物材料(香蕉茎叶、甘蔗叶、蘑菇渣、水稻秸秆、玉米秸秆、茶麸)进行堆肥化处理,通过盆栽试验评价其对番茄根结线虫的防治效果.结果表明:施用茶麸堆肥200 g/盆和甘蔗叶堆肥300 g/盆的防治效果最好,防效均为80.71％.除蘑菇渣堆肥3个施用梯度的防效无显著差异外,其他堆肥的防效均随施用量的增加而增加.6种堆肥在不同施用梯度下对番茄的生长均有一定的促进作用,其中施用水稻秸秆堆肥200 g/盆的长势最好,平均株高为127.44 cm,平均茎粗围为3.13 cm,显著优于对照和其他堆肥处理.

Evaluation of agricultural waste composting control of tomato root-knot nematode disease

In order to screen out the appropriate agricultural wastes and their application amount,which could prevent root knot nematode,six kinds of agricultural wastes including banana stems and leaves,sugarcane leaves,mushroom residue,rice straw,corn stalk and tea bran were composted and the control effect of these wastes on tomato root knot nematode were evaluated by pot experiment.The results showed that application of tea bran compost of 200 g per pot and sugarcane leaves compost of 300 g per pot had the best control effect,which prevented 80.71% root-knot nematode.The control effect of other composts increased with the increase of their application amount,except that the control effect of mushroom compost of three application amounts had no significant difference.Six kinds of composts of different application amounts all had a certain positive effect on promoting the growth of tomatoes,among which the application of rice straw compost of 200 g per pot had the best growth effect,with an average plant height of 127.44 cm and average stem diameter circumference of 3.13 cm,which were significantly better than the contrast and other compost treatments.The results of the present study could lay a foundation for the control of root knot nematode with rational utilization of agricultural wastes.