中国土地整治新增耕地面积的区域差异

科学评价中国土地整治的实施效果及其影响因素,对丰富土地整治的相关评价技术体系,提高土地整治的综合效益,促进土地整治科学决策有重要理论和实践价值。该文从土地整治对实现耕地总量动态平衡重要性的研究视角出发,将土地整治新增耕地率作为重要考核指标,对全国、省(自治区、直辖市)、市(区)不同尺度土地整治项目新增耕地面积的区域差异进行分析。结果表明:中国土地整治在国家层面上以土地整理项目为主,而省级以下层面则以土地开发项目为主;中国土地开发新增耕地率在全国范围均呈现较高水平,且开发补充耕地数量在国家、省、市不同尺度差异不大;中国土地整理、土地复垦新增耕地率在国家、省、市不同尺度上体现出较大差异,市域尺度更能体现土地整理与复垦新增耕地面积的区域差异。该研究可为不同尺度土地整治实施效果评价标准序列建立及宏观政策决策制定提供重要科学依据。

Regional difference for newly increased cultivated land area through land consolidation in China

The influencing factors and implementation effect analysis are main points for study of land consolidation, which have important theoretical and practical value to enrich relevant land consolidation evaluation technology system, improve the overall efficiency of land consolidation promote, and land consolidation scientific decision-making. Land consolidation played an important role in achieving and maintaining the dynamic balance between demand and supply of the arable land in China. From this perspective, this article took the increased rate of arable land through land consolidation as an important indicator, and conducted the effect evaluation of the land consolidation in China on national, provincial (regional and municipal), and municipal scales. Results showed that land consolidation projects were still the main type of land reclamation at national level in China, and while the land development projects were the main type below the provincial level; the increased rate of arable land from land development projects showed high percentage on the whole country, and there were few differences on national, province and municipal scale; the increased rate of arable land from land consolidation and reclamation reflected larger differences on the nation, province, and municipal scale, and the differences could be reflected on municipal scale even more.