通过剪叶改变源库关系对玉米子粒营养组分含量的影响

2004～2005年在吉林省梨树县大田条件下以吉单209(普通玉米品种)、吉油199(高油玉米品种)、郑单958(高淀粉玉米品种)为试材,在授粉后25d和35d将植株全部绿叶剪掉1/2,玉米成熟后对子粒淀粉、蛋白质、油分等营养组分含量的变化进行了测定分析。结果表明:各类玉米品种的源库关系在线性灌浆期改变为源小库大后,单粒淀粉积累量均显著减少,但淀粉百分含量除供试高油品种外则有明显提高;单粒蛋白质积累量均显著减少,同时蛋白质百分含量显著下降;单粒油分积累量显著减少,但油分百分含量变化不大;赖氨酸/蛋白质显著提高,与蛋白质百分含量的变化趋势相反。改变源库关系对子粒淀粉、蛋白质和油分百分含量的效应不同,各类玉米品种均表现为子粒蛋白质百分含量变化受到的影响最大,对源库关系改变的反应最敏感;淀粉百分含量次之;油分百分含量一般不易受源库关系改变的影响,表现稳定。

Effects of Source-sink Alteration by Leaf-clipped Treatment on Grain Nutrition Components Accumulation

Effects of source-sink alteration by leaf-clipped treatment on grain nutrition components accumulation were studied,using three types of maize hybrids,Jidan 209 as conventional hybrid,Jiyou 199 as high oil maize,and Zhengdan 958 as high starch maize,under field conditions from 2004 to 2005 in Lishu county,Jilin province.The main results were as follows: during the linear filling period,when weaker source and stronger sink appeared,starch content per kernel decreased significantly and starch concentration increased evidently except the high oil maize hybrid,protein content per kernel and the protein concentration decreased significantly,oil content per kernel decreased significantly and oil concentration varied not too much,the ratio of lysine to protein increased significantly.Different effects of source-sink alteration on grain starch,protein and oil concentration could be found.For all of the test hybrids,the grain protein concentration was the most affected and sensitive to source-sink alteration,the next was the starch concentration,while the oil concentration was affected not too much and stable.