小麦-玉米轮作体系中土壤细菌菌群结构及多样性分析

合理的轮作可以改善土壤微生物群落结构，提高土壤肥力，减少病虫害的发生。为了探讨小麦和玉米轮作对土壤细菌的影响，采用传统PCR克隆文库构建、克隆测序并结合EzBioCloud细菌分类鉴定，对河南小麦-玉米轮作体系下农田土壤细菌的菌群结构变化及多样性特征进行了分析。结果表明，变形菌门（33.73%）和拟杆菌门（31.50%）细菌是小麦-玉米轮作体系土壤中最主要的优势菌群，其次为酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门、放线菌门和疣微菌门等。在小麦和玉米生长期内细菌的丰度和多样性明显高于二者的间隔期；玉米生长期间细菌菌群丰度和物种多样性更高。不同的微生物群落在土壤中担负不同的生态功能。

Structure and Diversity Analysis of Bacterial Communities in the Wheat-Maize Rotation Field Soil

Rational rotation can optimize community structure and diversity of soil bacteria,improve soil nutrients and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases. In order to explore the effect of wheat-maize rotation on bacterial communities in the field soil,structure,variation and diversity of bacterial communities were analyzed by constructing clone library of bacterial 16S rRNA gene,and sequencing and EzBioCloud-based taxonomic identification. The results showed that Proteobacteria(33.73%) and Bacteroides(31.50%) were the dominant bacterial populations in the wheat-maize rotation field,followed by Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Comparative analysis of three soil samples individually collected from wheat and maize planting periods,and their interval showed that the abundance and diversity of the bacteria were significantly higher in the planting period than in the interval between wheat and maize. Microbial communities play different ecosystem functions in the soil.