山东省农业源氨排放清单研究

为建立山东省农业源氨排放清单，根据《山东统计年鉴2016》数据，采用排放因子法估算了山东省2015年农业源氨排放清单。结果表明，山东省2015年农业源氨排放量为105.831万t，排放强度为6.71 t·km^-2。畜禽养殖是最大的排放源，排放量为68.673万t，占总排放量的64.89%，猪和家禽是畜禽养殖排放量的最大贡献源，两者占畜禽养殖排放量的72.88%；其次是氮肥施用，排放量为30.835万t，占总排放量的29.14%；生物质燃烧、人体排放、土壤本底的氨排放量分别为2.173、2.117、1.943万t，分别占总排放量的2.05%、2.00%、1.84%；固氮植物的氨排放量最小，仅为0.09万t，不足总排放量的1%。菏泽、德州、潍坊、临沂、济宁、聊城是山东省农业源氨排放大市，氨排放量为7.910~13.662万t。研究表明，应从规范畜禽养殖规模和合理施肥两方面着手，精准施策，以减少山东省农业源氨排放量。

Agricultural ammonia emission inventory in Shandong Province

Research of agricultural ammonia emission inventory in Shandong Province which can provide data support for the ammonia emission reduction. Based on the available data from Shandong Statistical Yearbook 2016,agricultural ammonia emission inventory was estimated for Shandong Province. The results showed that the total NH₃ emission from agricultural sources was 1.058×10⁶ t, and the ammonia emission intensity was 6.71 t·km^-2. Livestock(6.868×10⁵ t) was the largest contributor which accounted for 64.89% of the total agricultural ammonia emission, followed by nitrogen fertilizer(3.083×10⁵ t) accounting for 29.14%. Ammonia emission from biomass burning, human activity and soil emission was 2.173, 2.117, 1.943×10⁴ t, respectively, which accounted for 2.05%, 2.00%, 1.84% of the total agricultural ammonia emission. Nitrogen fixing plant(900 t) was the lowest contributor which accounted for 0.09%. Agricultural ammonia emission sin Heze, Dezhou, Weifang, Linyi, Jining and Liaocheng(7.910×10⁴~1.366×10⁵ t) were more serious than another city. Scientific and standardized breeding and rational fertilization should be proposed to decrease ammonia emissions.