配比施肥对苜蓿品质和产量的影响

为研究施肥量对苜蓿生产性能的影响,试验以新牧4号紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.cv.Xinmu No.4)为材料,采用“3414”施肥试验方案,研究不同氮、磷、钾肥配比施肥对苜蓿的产量、品质的影响,以期为苜蓿生产中科学施肥提供参考数据。试验结果表明,不同施肥处理对苜蓿产量、品质影响不同。N2P2K3组合的鲜草产量最高(83.62t.hm-2),N2P2K1次之,分别比N0P0K0(65.17t.hm-2)增产28.31%、20.42%。各处理叶、茎的粗蛋白含量均是第一茬较高；各处理、各茬次中的叶蛋白含量均高于茎,而酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维均低于茎秆中含量；第一茬叶蛋白较高的是N2P2K0,为30.94%；三茬平均叶蛋白含量较高的是N1P2K2,为28.44%,N2P1K2次之,N2P2K2最低,为23.00%。综合分析认为,试验区2年生苜蓿的最佳施肥配比是N2P2K3组合,即120 kg.hm-2 尿素+90 kg.hm-2 过磷酸钙+90 kg.hm-2 硫酸钾。

Proportional Fertilization: Effects on Quality and Yield of Alfalfa

To study the effect of fertilization on the production of alfalfa, takingMedicago sativa L. cv.‘Xinmu No.4’as the material, the 3414 fertilization experiment was conducted, and the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium proportional fertilization on the yield and quality of alfalfa were studied. The results showed that the different fertilization treatments had different effects on yield and quality of alfalfa. The fresh yield of N2P2K3 was the highest (83.62 t/hm2), and that of N2P2K1 was the second, they increased by 28.31% and 20.42%, respectively, compared with N0P0K0 (65.17 t/hm2). The crude protein content of the first cutting was the highest in the leaves and stems of each treatment. The content of leaf protein in each treatment was higher than that of the stem, but the acid washing fiber and neutral detergent fiber were lower than that of the stem. The leaf protein of N2P2K0 was the highest in the first cutting, which was 30.94%. The average leaf protein content of N1P2K2 was the highest in the three cuttings, which was 28.44%, and the N2P1K2 was the second, N2P2K2 was the lowest, which was only 23.00%. The comprehensive analysis shows that the optimum ratio of fertilization for 2-year-old alfalfa in the experimental area is N2P2K3 combination, 120 kg/hm2 urea + 90 kg/hm2 superphosphate +90 kg/hm2 potassium sulfate.