海南薄皮甜瓜枯萎病病原菌鉴定及抗病砧木的筛选

海南冬春季薄皮甜瓜露地生产土传病害发生严重，严重影响产量。笔者从患病薄皮甜瓜茎组织分离病菌，经过病原菌形态、rDNA ITS序列鉴定为尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum），通过凯氏验证该病原菌为致病菌。接种病原菌孢子液，从致病性、形态学和分子生物学等方面进行了鉴定分析，并以‘美浓’品种为对照，对‘银光’、‘厦利’、‘广砧1号’、‘大白’、‘连大’、‘砧8’、‘大正’、‘壮士’和‘甬砧’等9种砧木的抗病性进行检测，以筛选出抗性好的薄皮甜瓜砧木品种。结果表明:‘广砧1号’、‘连大’、‘厦利’、‘甬砧’、“砧8’砧木的发病率为0，可以作为嫁接砧木的候选品种。

Pathogen Identification of Muskmelon Wilt in Hainan and Selection of Muskmelon Wilt-resistant Rootstocks

Soilborne diseases occur seriously in the field of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L) in winter and spring in Hainan in recent years, which severely affects the yield of muskmelon. The pathogens were isolated from the stem tissue of the muskmelon seedlings infected with the soilborne diseases, and identified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp melonis by morphology and rDNA ITS sequence. Nine rootstock varieties of muskmelon were inoculated with the spores solution of F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis with Meinong muskmelon variety as the control to determine their resistance to muskmelon wilt caused by F. oxysporum f.sp melonis to select resistant rootstocks. The results showed that the control Meinong muskmelon variety had an incidence of muskmelon Fusarium wilt of 83.33%, while the rootstock varieties Guangzhen 1, Lianda, Xiali, and Yongzhan had no incidence of Fusarium wilt, and can hence be used as candidates for disease-resistant root stocks for muskmelon.