北京地区佛法僧目两种鸟类羽毛的扫描电镜对比观察

旨在对北京地区分布的佛法僧目(Coraciiformes)翠鸟科(Alcedinidae)的蓝翡翠(Halcyon pileata)以及佛法僧科(Coraciidae)的三宝鸟(Eurystomus orientalis)主要类型羽毛进行微观结构对比观察。实验流程为：鸟类标本取样前再鉴定、确定采样位置、取样、样品脱脂、超声波清洗、自然干燥、离子溅射喷金及扫描电子显微镜观察。结果表明：飞羽、尾羽和体羽主要由有钩羽小枝和无钩羽小枝构成;有钩羽小枝和无钩羽小枝相互啮合形成坚实的羽面来减少飞行阻力。两种鸟类的有钩羽小枝中的小钩数,无钩羽小枝中的腹齿数,数量恒定且相同。绒羽中节状羽小枝膨大节的形状,区别明显。根据现有结果及文献资料,涉及到的两科羽毛在上述各部分羽毛参数差别恒定并且明显,可以作为科级鉴定参考。

Scanning Electron Microscope Observations of Two Species Feathers of Coraciiformes in Beijing

The aim is to observe and compare the microstructure of the main- type feathers from Halcyon pileata (Alcedinidae, Coraciiformes) and Eurystomus orientalis (Coraciidae, Coraciiformes) in Beijing. The experimental process was as follows: re-identification before taking samples, confirming the sample location, taking samples, sample degreasing, ultrasonic cleaning, natural drying, ion sputtering and SEM observation. The results show that the remiges feather, rectrices feather and downy feathers are mainly composed of distal barbule and proximal barbule. The distal barbules and proximal barbules form a flexible and strong vane to reduce the air resistance. The same number of hamuli in distal barbules and the same number of ventral teeth in proximal barbules appear in the two species, and they are also constant respectively. Expansion node in Nodal branchlets of downy feathers has obvious distinction. According to the results and existing data, the feather parameters of the two species are constant and obvious, so they can be seen as a reference to distinguish different families.