氟对大鼠甲状腺结构和功能的影响

为探讨氟化物对大鼠甲状腺结构和功能的影响，将80只SD大鼠分为4组，每组20只，第1组为对照组，其他3组为低、中、高氟组，饮水中添加的氟化钠含量分另9为50、100、200mg·L^-1，饲养150d，复制氟中毒大鼠模型。制备甲状腺组织切片，观察甲状腺结构变化；采集大鼠血液，测定血清中TSH、FT3、FT4水平。结果成功地复制出大鼠氟中毒模型。光镜下可见氟中毒大鼠甲状腺滤泡增多，胶质浓集，间质毛细血管明显增生，甲状腺组织出现明显的增生性结节。与对照组相比，各氟中毒组TSH水平不同程度升高，其中高氟组升高显著（P〈0.05）；血清FT4水平与对照组相比高氟组显著降低（P〈0.05）。由此可知，氟化物可引起甲状腺胶质性及结节性肿大，并导致甲状腺代谢功能异常。

Effects of Fluoride on Morphological Structure and Function of Thyroids in Rats

To investigate the effects of fluoride on structure and function of thyroid in rats, 80 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each for 20 rats. One was control group, the other tree groups were administered 50, 100, and 200mg·L^-1 of sodium fluoride in drinking water, respectively, the experiment lasted 150 days. Thyroid of rats were collected and tissue slices were made, blood of rats were collected, and the level of TSH, FT3, FT4 in serum were determined. The results showed that the fluorostic rat models were successfully established .The number of thyroid follicles and epithelia increased, follicle colloid accumulated, the hyperplasia and enlargement of capillary blood vessels were observed, hyperplastie nodes in thyroid appeared. Compared to control group, the level of serum TSH increased gradually and in the high fluoride group （ 200mg·L^-1 NaF ） significandy increased （P〈0.05）, while the content of serum FT4 significantly decreased in this group. It can be concluded that fluoride can induce colloidal and nodular goiter, and cause abnormal changes of thyroid metabolism function.