新疆天山北麓奎屯河流域径流变化特征研究

奎屯河流域水资源总量为17.83×108m3,其中地表径流量为16.21×108m3,占水资源总量的90%以上。因此,研究径流补给来源及变化特征有助于掌握水资源的变化趋势,为水资源的开发利用提供可靠的依据。本文采用奎屯河流域各水文站径流系列资料,选取变差系数、年际极值比、集中度、集中期等参数,分析了奎屯河流域径流补给特性、来源、年内分配规律及年际变化特征。分析结果表明:奎屯河流域径流补给具有地带性和多样性特点,补给来源主要以冰川融水和雨水补给为主;年内分配极不均匀,集中程度高;年际变化相对稳定,变幅小,多年呈微弱增加趋势。

Analysis on Runoff Supply and Variation Characteristics of Kuitun River Basin on the North Slope of Xinjiang Tianshan Mountain

The runoff water resources in the Kuitun River basin reached 16.21×108m3,which occupies 90% of the whole water resource about 17.93×108m3.According to the runoff volume data of different hydrologic stations in this basin, this research uses variation coefficient,annual maximum and minimum proportion,concentration degree,concentration period,peak style value and annual wet-dry rate parameters to analyze runoff supply sources,distribution and runoff variation characteristics.The results show that the runoff supply of kuitun river basin has the characteristics of perpendicularity and diversification,the runoff supply sources are glaciers thawing water and rainwater firstly and secondly are seasonal snows thawing water and groundwater.On the one hand,intra-annual distribution of runoff is extremely uneven with high concentration degree;while on the other,the variation coefficient and annual extreme value little with weak increase tendency of annual changes of runoff volume but it is relative stable.