Postulation of virulence groups and resistance factors in the quinoa/downy mildew pathosystem using material from Ecuador |
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| Authors: | Ochoa,Frinking,& Th. Jacobs |
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| Affiliation: | Instituto Nacional Autonomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarios (INIAP), Estacion Experimental Santa Catalina, Casilla postal 17–01–340, Quito, Ecuador,;Department of Phytopathology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, the Netherlands,;Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 386, 6708 AJ Wageningen, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Twenty downy mildew isolates were collected in south, central and north Ecuador and inoculated on seedlings of 60 quinoa lines. A scale for scoring quinoa downy mildew infections was developed. Four virulence groups and three resistance factors were identified. In southern Ecuador only isolates of virulence group 2 were collected, while in the central region only virulence group 4 was found. In the north of Ecuador isolates of all four virulence groups were collected. Resistance factor R3 was found most frequently in seedlings of 13 high-yielding Ecuadorian quinoa lines. No effective resistance against group 4, the most virulent group, was observed. Lines ECU-288 (susceptible), ECU-291(R1), ECU-470 (R2) and ECU-379 (R3) could be used as a preliminary quinoa differential set for identifying downy mildew virulence groups. |
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| Keywords: | quinoa downy mildew resistance factors virulence factors |
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