杂交粳稻产量性状与品质性状相关性分析

为了探明杂交粳稻的产量性状与品质性状间的关系，以5个千粒重介于23.5~27.4 g之间的BT型不育系和40个千粒重介于18.7~31.2 g之间的三系粳稻恢复系，采用5×40 NCⅡ设计方式，配制200个杂交组合为试验材料，对产量性状、品质性状及其相互关系进行了分析，主要结果表明：单株谷重与单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重均呈极显著正相关（r=0.47**，0.63**，0.53**，0.35**），与穗长呈显著正相关(r=0.15**)；对单株产量贡献最大的是每穗实粒数。垩白粒率和垩白度2个性状是杂交粳稻品质改良的重点，其次是精米率和整精米率；糙米率、精米率、整精米率相互间均呈极显著正相关，糙米率与垩白粒率和垩白度呈极显著正相关（r=0.33**，0.25**）。产量性状对品质性状的影响不大，通过筛选，可以将高产、优质的性状聚合到同一杂交组合中。

Analysis on Relativity Between Yield and Quality Traits of Hybrid Japonica Rice

The study was aimed to prove up the relationship between yield traits and quality traits in hybrid japonica rice. 5 BT-type CMS lines and 40 three-line japonica restorer lines with major difference in 1000-grain weight were crossed in p×q incomplete diallele design to study the yield components, quality traits and the relationship among them. The main results were as follow: the grain weight per plant had positively significantly correlation with panicles per plant, filled spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight (r=0.47**, 0.63**, 0.53**, 0.35**). Filled spikelets per panicle made a quite contribution to the grain yield (r=0.15**). They were the important traits for improving the rice quality in the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree. Second were the milled rice rate and head rice rate. Brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head rice rate each other was positively significantly correlation. Brown rice rate was positively significantly correlation with the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree (r=0.33**, 0.25**). The correlation between yield characters and quality characters was small. So selection for high yield characters and superior quality characters could be polymerized to hybrid rice combination.