重庆地区雷电日雷暴日关系研究

为了更好地应用雷电定位系统的自动监测数据统计雷电日参数，在比较多年重庆地区雷暴日资料与近年来自动监测数据的基础上，重点研究该区域13个国家基准气候站的雷电日与雷暴日数据。结果表明：（1）平均雷暴日与平均雷电日的比值各站差异显著。总体来看，雷暴日数值小于雷电日并成正相关；其比例与观测区域面积、地形地貌环境关系密切；（2）不同雷电日观测半径差异显著，且均小于10 km，一方面说明雷电活动的不均匀性；另一方面，说明器测的灵敏度远高于人的听力和视觉，观测人员对雷声的听力范围不大于10 km；（3）主城区域雷电日观测半径最小，这是由于观测站周围的建筑物阻碍、环境噪声与空气中能见度变化共同作用的结果；（4）雷电日观测半径与地形地貌的关系明显，重庆市主城区雷电日观测半径较小，东北和东南部雷电日观测半径较大，总体来看地形地貌、城市化进程相似的区域，雷电日半径有可比性，器测数据是连续性的。

Research of Correlation Between Lightning Day and Thunderstorm Day in Chongqing

In order to have the better application of lightning day parameters of automatic monitoring data from lightning position system, the data of lightning day and thunderstorm day of 13 national climatological stations was studied based on the data of thunderstorm day and automatic monitoring system. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences between average thunderstorm day and average lightning day in ratio in these stations. Generally, the thunderstorm day number was less than that of lightning day and positive correlation. The proportion had the close relation to the area and topography environment. (2) There were significant differences in observation radius of different lightning days, and the number value of the radius are all less than 10 km, which objectively showed the nonhomogeneity of the lightning activity, and the sensitivity of equipment was better than that of human hearing and vision. The earshot of the observer to the lightning was less than 10 km. (3) The observation radius in main cities was the least, which caused by the combined action of the buildings around the observatory obstacles, environmental noise and air visibility changes. (4) There was obvious relationship between observation radius of lightning day and topography. The observation radius in main cities was less, and in northeast and southeast was bigger. Totally, the data from equipment was continuous and comparability in the similar area.