广西早籼品种(组合)的稻米品质状况及改良目标

广西多数早籼品种(组合)的糙米率、精米率、粒长、粒形、糊化温度、胶稠度、蛋白质含量等指标。达到了农业部(NY122-86)二级优质食用稻米标准。但完整米率的达标率偏低,胚乳的垩白程度偏大,垩白粒率偏高,直链淀粉含量偏高,米粒的蒸煮延长性差。今后,早籼稻的品质育种应把提高完整米率,降低直链淀粉含量和提高胚乳的透明度作为品质改良的主攻目标。

STATE AND QUALITY-IMPROVING AIM OF EARLY INDICA RICE VARIETIES (COMBINATIONS) IN GUANGXI

The rates of brown rice and milled rice, grain length, grain shape, gelatinization temperature, gel consistency and the content of protein for most of early indica rice (O. sativa L. subsp, hsien) varieties (combinations) in Guangxi have come up to the second-class of state standard of high qualitative edible rice. But, the rate of whole grain is a little lower; the rate of chalking grain is slightly higher; the chalking degree of the endosperm is a little greater; the amylose content is too high; and the cooking extensibility of grain is not good enough. So the main target for the qualitative breeding in indica rice should be raising the rate of whole grain and the transparency of endosperm, and reducing the amylose content. To improve the rice quality of hybrid rice, the resources of high qualitative rice should be used for selecting the high qualitative restorer lines.