不同氮肥施用方式及硝化抑制剂对小豆生长发育及氮素利用的影响

为探讨小豆种植过程中氮素的合理施用方式,采用随机区组田间小区试验,研究了不同氮肥施用方式及硝化抑制剂对小豆生长发育及氮素利用的影响。结果表明:小豆始花期追施普通氮肥的处理,收获后植株鲜质量、干质量、产量和氮素累积量分别比基施处理高2.7%、3.7%、5.6%和1.9%,且鲜质量、产量和氮素积累量差异显著;且追施处理氮肥表观利用率、农学效率、生理效率和肥料贡献率分别比基施处理高7.4%、23.6%、15.6%和17.2%。基施氮肥同时配施硝化抑制剂处理的小豆鲜质量、干质量、产量和氮素积累量比不配施硝化抑制剂的处理高2.8%、10.1%、6.8%和6.9%,且均差异显著;氮肥表观利用率、农学效率、生理效率和肥料贡献率分别比不配施硝化抑制剂处理提高26.6%、28.5%、1.9%和20.1%。始花期追施氮肥配施硝化抑制剂处理的以上指标(鲜质量除外)与不配施硝化抑制剂处理差异不明显。因此,小豆种植过程中,不施硝化抑制剂时推荐氮肥追施,施用硝化抑制剂时推荐氮肥基施。

Effects of Different N Fertilizer Application Patterns and Nitrification Inhibitor on Growth and N Utilization of Adzuki Beans

In order to investigate the application method of nitrogen in the process of planting adzuki bean, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of N fertilizer application patterns and nitrification inhibitor( NI) on growth and N utilization of adzuki beans. The results showed that the dry and fresh weight of plant,N accumulation and yield of adzuki beans treated with topdressing fertilization increased by 2. 7%,3. 7%,5. 6%,1. 9% compared with those of the base-fertilizer treatment respectively. And the difference of fresh weight, yield and N accumulation were significant. The apparent utilization efficiency, agronomic efficiency, physiological efficiency, yield contribution rate increased by 7. 4%, 23. 6%,15. 6% and 17. 2% respectively. Compared to the treatment without NI,the combination of NI with urea as base fertilizer could increase the plant fresh and dry weight,yield and accumulation of N by 2. 8%,10. 1%,6. 8% and 6. 9% significantly. The apparent utilization efficiency,agronomic efficiency,physiological efficiency, yield contribution rate increased by 26. 6%, 28. 5%, 1. 9% and 20. 1%respectively( except the fresh weight) . But no obvious difference was observed between the two treatments of topdressing N fertilizer with NI and without NI. Therefore,the topdressing N fertilizer was recommended under the condition without NI,and the base fertilization was recommended under the condition with NI.