野豌豆属三种植物叶的结构演化研究

该文应用石蜡切片技术及植纹鉴定技术，对长白山地区野豌豆属三种植物成熟叶片的解剖结构及表观结构植纹特征进行比较研究，旨在探讨野豌豆属植物演化关系，为其属下分类及演化趋势提供科学的参考依据。广布野豌豆、大叶野豌豆、歪头菜叶片解剖结构对比结果表明：歪头菜叶片表皮细胞排列整齐，外切向壁角质层加厚，木质部导管孔径较大，主脉纤维细胞发达并形成维管束鞘。植纹鉴定结果表明：虽然同属植物叶片表观结构植纹特征具有同源相似性，但供试的野豌豆属三种植物叶片表观纹理及垂周壁类型有明显差异，广布野豌豆无副卫细胞，大叶野豌豆、歪头菜植纹气孔副卫细胞平列不等型。数理统计后的植纹特征显示，歪头菜较大叶野豌豆更进化。供试的三种植物的演化关系为广布野豌豆<大叶野豌豆<歪头菜。

Study on Structure Evolution of Leaves of 3 Plants in Vicia

This study was conducted to compare leaf anatomical structures and ap-parent plant print characteristics of 3 Vicia plants from Changbai Mountains applying structural botany principle and fingerprint identification technology, aiming at dis-cussing the structure evolution law of Vicia plants and providing scientific reference for research about classification, genetic relationship and evolutionary trend of this genus. The comparison of leaf anatomical structures of Vicia lilacina, V. pseu-dorobus and V. unijuga_showed that: V. unijuga has tidily arranged leaf epidermal cel s, thickened outer tangential wal cuticle, large diameter of xylem vessels, and developed midrib fibrocytes which form vascular bundle sheaths. Plant print identifi-cation results showed that the tested 3 plants showed remarkable differences in leaf apparent texture and anticlinal wal type though plant print characteristics of appar-ent structures of plants in the same genus had homologous similarity. V. lilacina_has no subsidiary cel s, and apparent textures of V. pseudorobus_and V. unijuga are both of paracytic unequal type. Statistical analysis showed that V. unijuga is more advanced than V. pseudorobus. The 3 tested plants are in evolutionary rela-tionship of V. lilacina