不同浓度氮、磷、钾对水培芹菜生长及 叶绿素含量的影响

摘要：为研究不同浓度氮、磷、钾对水培芹菜生长及叶绿素含量的影响，筛选适于水培芹菜生产的 最适氮、磷、钾肥浓度，以2个芹菜品种“津南实芹”和“金黄芹菜”为材料，进行不同浓度氮、磷、 钾肥条件下的水培种植试验，综合比较分析各处理间芹菜植株外观性状及叶绿素含量存在的差异。结果 表明：氮、磷、钾肥为芹菜水培过程中需施加的必要营养元素，且适宜浓度氮、磷、钾及配比对芹菜生 长和叶绿素含量均有促进作用，“津南实芹”叶绿素含量相对较高。最适氮、磷、钾肥浓度在芹菜不同 品种及不同部位间有所差异，“津南实芹”对氮、磷、钾肥需求量均大于“金黄芹菜”，对缺素条件更 为敏感。氮肥对芹菜各部位叶绿素含量的增加效果比较均衡且明显，其最适浓度在2个品种芹菜中有一 定差异；磷肥对提高芹菜总叶绿素含量效果最为显著；钾肥主要促进了芹菜叶柄叶绿素含量的增加。在 芹菜水培生产中，可将氮、磷、钾肥浓度范围分别设置在5～8、0.3～0.6、5～7 mmol/L，并根据品种需 肥特性，对氮、磷、钾肥比例进行适度调整。

Effects of Different Concentrations of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Celery in Hydroponic Culture

Abstract: In order to study the effect of different concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the growth and chlorophyll content of celery, and select the optimum concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers suitable for the production of hydroponic celery, two celery cultivars ''Jinnan Shiqing'' and ''Jinhuang Qincai'' were used as the material to carry out hydroponic cultivation under the conditions of different concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The differences of plant phenotype and chlorophyll content among the treatments were compared and analyzed. The results showed that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were the necessary nutrient elements in celery hydroponics culture, and the appropriate fertilizer concentration and ratio could promote the chlorophyll content and growth of celery. The content of chlorophyll in ''Jinnan Shiqin'' was relatively higher. The optimum concentration of different fertilizer was different among different cultivars and different parts of celery. Among them, the demand for various types fertilizers of ''Jinnan Shiqin'' was slightly greater than that of ''Jinhuang Qincai'', which was more sensitive to nutrient deficiency conditions. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on increasing chlorophyll content in different parts of celery was more balanced and obvious, and its optimum concentration was different in two cultivars of celery. Phosphorus fertilizer had the most significant effect on increasing the total chlorophyll content of celery. Potassium fertilizer mainly promoted the increase of chlorophyll content in celery petioles. In the hydroponic production of celery, the concentration ranges of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the nutrient solution could be set at 5-8 mmol/L, 0.3-0.6 mmol/L and 5-7 mmol/L, respectively, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be adjusted appropriately according to the fertilizer demand of cultivars.