暗管排水对大棚土壤次生盐渍化改良及番茄产量的影响

为探讨防治设施土壤次生盐渍化的措施,于发生次生盐渍化的大棚土壤内埋设埋深40cm,间距6m及埋深70cm,间距8m的塑料暗管,研究土壤电导率(EC)、饱和导水率、体积质量等基本理化性质的变化,分析暗管排水对次生盐渍化土壤改良及番茄产量的影响。结果表明:埋设暗管可以明显降低次生盐渍化土壤的EC值,尤其是暗管上方的EC值显著低于对照;同时,土壤饱和导水率增加,体积质量降低而总孔隙度升高;番茄平均单果质量增加,产量显著提高,各项指标均表现为埋深70cm,间距8m暗管的处理优于埋深40cm,间距6m的处理。埋深70cm,间距8m暗管的处理在大棚土壤次生盐渍化改良中的效果优于埋深40cm,间距6m的处理。

Improvement effect of subsurface drainage on secondary salinization of greenhouse soil and tomato yield

In order to solve the problem of secondary salinization of greenhouse soil, a subsurface drainage system was set up with plastic bellows buried in the soil of the greenhouse to probe into the measures against secondary salinization of soil, and to study the changes of soil basic physicochemical properties through subsurface drainage. Soil electrical conductivity (EC), soil saturated hydraulic conductivit, bulk density, porosity and yield of tomato were studied. The system was installed with two arrangements, space of 6 m and depth of 40 cm; space of 8 m and depth of 70 cm. Results showed that the subsurface drainage system lowered the EC of different soil layers, especially the EC of soil which above the subsurface drainage. Meanwhile, saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil increased, bulk density decreased, but bulk porosity increased. The tomato yield increased as the average weight of single fruit increased. All these indicators of the system with space 8 m and depth 70 cm were better than those of the system with space 6 m and depth 40 cm. It is concluded that the effect of drainage system with space 8 m and depth 70 cm on improvement of soil secondary salinization was more significant than that of the system with space 6 m and depth 40 cm in greenhouse.