中国北方荒漠化的成因与治理对策的探讨

本文对中国北方荒漠化的成因进行了探讨 :(1)暖温带和亚热带地区的植被状况、气候直接或间接地影响着北方半荒漠化、荒漠化地区的植被和分布 ,并对其干旱和荒漠化程度起着一定的遏止作用 ,而这些地区植被的大面积破坏加速了北方地区荒漠化的进程。 (2 )耕地和传统的耕作制度破坏了地球上原有的植被状况和气候环境 ,促进了北方地区干旱和荒漠化的不断扩张与蔓延。本文对此提出了相应治理对策 :(1)改变暖温带及亚热带地区植被低覆盖率和不均匀分布 ,从而使北方干旱和荒漠化低效治理的局面得以改进 ;(2 )改造传统耕作制度和农田植被 ,缩减耕地面积 ,彻底消除传统农业对植被和环境的破坏作用 ;(3)改变传统的“粮食”观念和食物结构 ,降低人类对禾谷类粮食的需求 ,以减轻人类对耕地的压力。

Ivestigation on Desertification about reasons and the ways under control in the North China

This paper summarizes and investigates reasons for desertification in the North China and offers suggestions for controlling this problem. Two main factors are considered:(1)Changes in the rainfall and other climatic indicators for the subtropical and warm temperate areas adjacent to the desertification areas,have some effect on the vegetation,drought and desertification. In the subtropical and warm temperate areas the destruction of vegetation over large areas can speed up the drought and desert advancement.(2)The traditional cultivation of land and farming methods cause great damage to the vegetation and environments,which also quicken the pace of drought and desertification in North China.The paper gives some ideas for the control of desertification in the North China:(1)The vegetation situations of the low cover and nonuniform distribution should be changed in the subtropical and warm temperate areas.(2)The traditional cultivated land,farming methods,plants and vegetations should be reformed in order that the per unit yield be raised and the amount of land under cultivation decreased,which could radically eliminate the destructive act of the traditional agriculture actions on vegetations and environments.(3)The concept and composition of the traditional food should be changed in China in order to reduce the current trend of more and more cultivated lands for the production of cereal.