植物园在生物多样性保护中的作用

该文从物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性三个方面论述了植物园在生物多样性保护中的作用和对策．植物园把搜集和保存植物多样性作为首要任务，全国已保存了１８０００余种和品种，特别是在珍稀濒危植物保护方面做出了很大贡献，共迁地保存了３００种以上的植物．同时还应注意保护动物、微生物多样性，维持它们在生态系统中的作用．在保护遗传多样性方面，植物园引种应挑选个体差异大的植株和不同生态型的植株，以获得最大的遗传基因资源，同时应积极开展各种育种工作，创造新的遗传资源．植物园在建园时应尽量保存原有植被，利用各种条件，模拟自然，创造多样性的人工生态群落，发挥其最佳生态功能．

Effect of Botanical Gardens on Biodiversity Conservation

This paper expresses the function and approach of botanical gardens on biodiversity protection from three aspects, ie. species diversity,genetic diversity and ecosystem diversity. Collection and conservation of plant diversity are the major tasks of botanical gardens. More than 18 000 species and varieties have been conserved in Chinese botanical gardens, among which over 300 rare and endangered species were ex situ conserved. In addition, botanical gardens should pay attention to the conservation of animal and microorganism diversity in order to keep their role in the ecosystem.On conservation of genetic diversity, different plants and diffferent ecotypes should be culled to get more genetic resources. At the same time, all kinds of hybridization should be undertaken to creat new species. Original vegetation should be protected while botanical gardens are constructed.To creat best ecology function, various artifitial communities should be constructed according to their habitat.