采煤塌陷后风沙区土壤水分的环境变异性研究

通过对多种环境因素影响下毛乌素沙地南缘补连塔矿采煤塌陷区的土壤含水量的研究,为塌陷风沙区植被建设提供理论依据。研究表明:土壤冻结与积雪覆盖可以显著抑制塌陷区土壤水分亏缺。双因素方差分析表明对照区与2个塌陷区土壤含水量差异在土层未冻结时显著(P=0.0002)而在土层冻结与冻结且有积雪覆盖时不显著(P分别为0.09与0.85)。土层解冻后对照区与塌陷区的土壤含水量开始产生显著差异。解冻后不利于冻结的坡位、坡向率先进入水分亏缺状态并表现更加严重。降雨对塌陷区土壤水分亏缺有短时缓解作用。积雪融化并未显著改善解冻后塌陷区土壤水分状况。解冻后塌陷区浅层与水分剧烈变化层的水分散失在塌陷后2~3年表现明显。

Study on environmental variability of soil moisture in windy desert area after mining subsiding

In order to provide theoretical reference for the construction of vegetation in windy desert area affected by mining subsiding,the soil moisture of the Bulianta mining area in southeast Mu Us Sandy Land affected by environmental factors were studied.The study showed that affected by freezing and covered by snow,the shortage of soil water in the subsidence place was remarkably restrained.Two-way analysis of variance showed that the difference between the control place and two subsidence places was remarkable when the soil was not freezing(P=0.0002) but unremarkable when the soil was freezing or both freezing and covered by snow(P is respectively 0.09 and 0.85).After the soil thawing,the significant difference between the control area and subsided area started to emerge.At the positions that aren't propitious to freeze,the shortage of soil water started earlier and showed more seriously.The rainfall mitigated the shortage of soil water in the subsided area in a short time.The thawing of snow didn't remarkably improve the situation of soil water shortage in the subsided area.After thawing,the dissipation of the soil water in the layers where the soil moisture changes acutely in subsidence area showed significant during 2～3 years after mining subsiding.