洞庭湖流域花岗岩地区的水土流失特征及其防治对策

花岗岩母质土壤区在洞庭湖流域广泛分布,由于内在机理及洞庭湖流域特殊的气候条件和人地关系状况,使这一类土壤区成为洞庭湖流域最为严重的水土流失地区之一,产生严重的环境、社会、经济后果.花岗岩分布区地形陡峭,风化速度快,风化层深厚,极易导致水土流失.在内生动力和外部动力的共同作用下,水土流失的时序特征与风化层各层的特性紧密相关.为了科学治理,首次尝试对湿润区花岗岩水土流失区进行区域界定并作了类噜型区划分.在防治方面提出树立全新的农林发展观,以流域经济区为单位进行用地结构调整,同时提高治理水土流失的科学性,加大水利建设投入等措施.

Features of Soil Erosion in Granite Region of Dongting Lake Drainage Basin

Granite base soil region distributes widely in drainage area of Dongting lake.It is intrinsic mechanism and the special condition of weather and the relationship between human and land of Dongting lake drainage area that make this type soil region become the most serious soil erosion region,hence bring the worst environmental and social and economical result.In the area of granite,topography is rapidity,weathering is rapidity,the layer of weathering is very deep and the soil is very easy to be eroded away.With inner force and external force acting together,the features of time sequence are relevant with the features of every weathering layer.On the basis of the observation to granite base,the author indicates the soil erosion region of different area and bring forward the time sequence characters of soil erosion and reveal the time and spatial difference of soil erosion.For the valid management,authors first try to classify the regional difference of granite soil erosion in the granite region of wet area,then brings forward the scientific measures in controlling the soil erosion.