催乳素结构与功能研究进展

催乳素是由脑垂体前叶分泌的一种多肽激素.哺乳动物的催乳素都是单链多肽,由199个氨基酸组成,相对分子质量约23 ku,分子内含3个二硫键,多数催乳素分子以单体形式存在于循环系统中.同时,血液中还存在以数个催乳素聚合而成的大分子和较小分子形式的催乳素.在不同种属中,催乳素的原始序列具有一定差异,异种的哺乳动物间催乳素的同源性在60%以上.催乳素的分泌受下丘脑催乳素释放抑制因子和催乳素释放因子的双重调节.催乳素有300多种不同的生物功能,在哺乳动物体内,催乳素对乳腺发育与泌乳、性腺发育、机体免疫功能、机体应激反应、体细胞的分裂与增值等相关功能有一定的调节作用.

Progress on Structure and Function of Prolactin

Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone that is primarily produced in the pituitary gland. Mammalian prolactin is a single-chain polypeptide, composed of 199 amino acids, molecular weight of about 23 ku,containing three disulfide bonds. Most prolactin existed in circulation system in form of monomer molecules. Meanwhile, there are also a number of macromolecular prolactin and micromolecular prolactin in blood. The original sequence of prolactin is different in different species. The homology of prolactin among heterogeneous mammals is over 60%. Prolactin secretion is dually regulated by the hypothalamus release of pro- lactin inhibitory factors and prolactin-releasing factors. Prolactin has 300 different biological functions. In mammals, prolactin regulates mammogenesis, lactation, development of sexual gland, immune function, stringency and somatic cell disintegration and so on.