KOH／Al2O3催化大豆油酯交换反应制备生物柴油

目的]用固体碱催化剂催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油，以减少对环境造成的污染。方法]以层析用中性氧化铝为载体，负载KOH并经高温焙烧处理制得KOH／Al2O3催化剂，催化大豆油酯交换反应制备生物柴油，系统地研究了催化剂的制备、酯交换反应等条件对大豆油转化率的影响。结果]该催化剂对大豆油与甲醇酯交换反应有很高的催化活性。试验结果显示，当KOH负载量为10％，500℃焙烧3h，催化剂用量5％，醇油摩尔比12：1，酯交换反应仅2h，大豆油的转化率高达98．63％。结论]KOH／Al2O3催化剂对大豆油与甲醇发生酯交换反应有很高的催化活性，且生产工艺简单，产品后处理方便，具有很大的应用价值。

Preparation of Bio-diesel from Transesterification of Soybean Oil Catalyzed by KOH/Al2O3

Objective] The bio-diesel was prepared with the transesterification of soybean oil catalyzed by KOH/Al2O3 in order to reduce the pollution to environment.Method] KOH/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared with neutral chromatography alumina supported KOH then treated at high temperature.The effect of the catalyst preparation,reaction condition and others on the transferring ration of soybean oil in the processing of bio-diesel was studied.Results] The experiment results showed that the catalyst had strong activity in transesterification between soybean oil and methanol.When the loading amount of KOH was 10%,the calcination at 500 ℃ was for 3 hours,the catalyst amount was 5%,the molar ratio of methanol to soybean oil was 12∶1,the esterication reaction was only for 2 hours and the conversion of soybean oil was high up to 98.63%.Conclusion] The catalyst,KOH/Al2O3 had high activity in the processing of bio-diesel production,and it was with simple technology,convenient post-treatment and high application value.