不同种类有机肥氮素有效性研究

为科学施用畜禽有机肥，在盆栽试验条件下，采用番茄生物耗竭法研究不同有机肥（4种鸡粪、2种猪粪和3种牛粪）的氮素有效性。结果表明：鸡粪、猪粪和牛粪分别平均使番茄氮素携出量提高了14.06%、6.61%和7.48%，分别平均使番茄地上部分生物量（干重）提高了28.63%、7.75%和12.28%。鸡粪的平均氮素利用率和当量矿质氮率分别为37.79%和40.73%，显著高于猪粪（9.12%和10.93%）和牛粪（13.36%和15.71%）。不同种类有机肥的氮素特性虽然有差异，但均具有明显的氮素有效性。

Nitrogen Availability of Different Types of Organic Manure

This paper studied the effectiveness of organic nitrogen in the soil of solar greenhouse, and provided a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization. In a tomato pot experiment, biological depletion method was used to study the nitrogen availability of different kinds of organic manure (four chicken, two pig and three cattle manure samples). The results demonstrated that chicken manure, pig manure and cattle manure could significantly increase tomato biomass and the uptake of nitrogen. The tomato aboveground biomasses increased by 28.63%, 7.75% and 12.28% respectively, and the nitrogen absorption amount increased by 14.06%, 6.61% and 7.48% respectively. The nitrogen utilization rate and the equivalent mineral nitrogen rate of chicken manure was 37.79% and 40.73% respectively, significantly higher than those of pig manure (9.12% and 10.93%) and cattle manure (13.36% and 15.71%). Though the characteristics of different organic manure were different, the nitrogen availability of organic manure was obvious.