闽江上游主要森林类型水源涵养功能探讨

闽江是福建第一大江，其流域面积约占全省土地总面积的一半．合理开发和利用闽江水资源，对我省工农业生产具有重大意义．本文对闽江十余种森林类型的水源涵养功能进行了初步探讨，以求为闽江流域的林业规划及水源涵养林的树种选择提供依据．结果表明：各类天然林总持水量为荒山荒地的１．１６～１．４０倍，土壤初渗值和稳渗值分别为荒山荒地的９．５３～１４．５倍和８．７２～１０．３７倍．人工林中的柳杉、鄂西红豆、马尾松、格氏栲和细柄阿丁枫总持水量为荒山荒地的１．１１～１．３２倍，土壤初渗值和稳渗值分别为荒山荒地的３．３９～９．６７倍和３．１０～９．１０倍，是比较理想的水源涵养林．

Water Conservation Function of Main Forest Types Along Upper Reaches of Mingjiang River

In Fujian,Mingjiang River is the biggest river,of which the drainage area accounts for about half of the total land area.To exploit ane ultilize its water resources reasonably is very important for industrial and agricultural development in Fujian.Water conservation function for more than ten forest types along Mingjiang River was preliminary studied to offer scientific basis for forestry planning and selection of waterconservation forest types.The results showed that total water-holding content of maturd forest is 1.16 to 1.4 times,and initial and stable infiltration and stable infiltration capacities of its soil are 9.53 to 14.5 times and 8.72 to 10.37 times,respectively,that of wild land.Total water-holding content of Cryptomeria fortunei, Ormosia hosei, Pinus massoniana,Castanopis kawakamii, and Altingia gracilial Plantation altogether is 1. 11 to 1.32 times,initial and stable infiltration capacities of their soils are 3.39 to 9.67 times and 3.10 to 9.10 times,respetively,that of wild land.It suggests that they are the ideal forests for water conservation.