‘月月粉’连续开花习性遗传规律分析

连续开花(Perpetual blooming,PB)是观赏植物的重要性状之一,是中国月季对现代月季的重大贡献。然而月季连续开花性状的遗传基础至今尚未清晰。为研究中国古老月季品种‘月月粉'(Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush',用OB表示)连续开花习性的遗传规律,以其为母本,以一季开花(Single seasonal blooming,SB)园艺品种‘无刺光叶蔷薇'(Rosa wichuriana'Basye's Thornless',用W表示)为父本,构建了OB、W、F_1、F_2、BC_1OB和BC_1W等6个世代827个株系的二倍体遗传分离群体。遗传分离群体表型测定将开花表型分为连续开花和非连续开花(Non-perpetual blooming)2种类型。296株F_1和150株BC_1W群体均表现为非连续开花,表明OB连续开花性状受隐性基因位点调控。300株BC_1OB群体中83株为连续开花,223株为非连续开花,χ~2适合性测验符合1:3的遗传分离规律(P0.05),表现为双隐性基因遗传,表明‘月月粉'连续开花可能受双隐性基因位点共同调控。

Inheritance of Perpetual Blooming in Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’

Perpetual blooming is one of the most important trait of ornamental plant，and it is the hugecontribution of Chinese rose（diploid rose）to modern rose（tetraploid rose）breeding. However，the geneticbasis of this trait is still largely unknown. In order to investigate the inheritance of perpetual bloomingbehavior in Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’（OB），we developed six rose populations（OB，W，F1，F2，BC1OB and BC1W）derived from WOB population[interspecific diploid hybrid between OB and Rosawichuriana‘Basye’s Thornless’（W）]. Perpetual blooming trait was analyzed as a major gene，andblooming behavior of each individual was evaluated at Flower Research Institute，Yunnan Academy ofAgricultural Sciences（Kunming，China）from 2012 to 2015. Perpetual blooming type is absent both in aF1 population with 296 genotypes and a BC1W population（Rosa wichuriana‘Basye’s Thornless’as abackcross parent）with 150 individuals. More interesting is，a backcross population BC1OB（Rosachinensis‘Old Blush’as a backcross parent）with 300 progenies showed a 3︰1（P < 0.05）segregation ratioin blooming behavior（non-perpetual blooming dominant to perpetual blooming）. The results indicate thatthe inherence of perpetual blooming in rose might be regulated by double recessive loci.