光质和光敏色素在植物逆境响应中的作用研究进展

光敏色素是植物感受外界光环境变化最重要的光受体之一，不仅参与调控植物生长发育，还介导植物对各种生物和非生物胁迫的响应。已有研究表明，光敏色素缺失会导致植物对病原菌、害虫等生物胁迫以及低温、高温、干旱、盐等非生物胁迫的抗性发生改变；改变光质（如调节红光远红光比率）可提高植物对上述逆境胁迫的抗性，并且通过水杨酸、茉莉酸和脱落酸等激素信号途径诱导植物的抗性。在系统综述近年来光敏色素在逆境响应中的作用以及防御机制研究进展的基础上，讨论了在园艺植物生产中通过利用光质和对光敏色素信号途径相关基因进行遗传改良，提高作物抗性，促进作物增产和改善作物品质的重要性。

Recent Advances in the Role of Light Quality and Phytochrome in Plant Defense Resistance Against Environmental Stresses

Phytochrome is one of the most important photoreceptors sensing the changes of the surrounding environment，which not only plays an important role in regulation of plant growth and development，but also modulates plant stress responses against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Some researches indicated that mutation of the phytochromes decreases defense resistance against biotic stresses like pathogens，and herbivores infection as well as abiotic stresses including cold，heat，drought，salinity and so on. Plant responded to stress differentially with the changes in R/FR ratio，which was associated with salicylic acid（SA），jasmonic acid（JA）and abscisic acid（ABA）signaling transduction. This review summarized recent progress in the study of phytochromes and light quality in plant stress response and discussed the potential application of light environment and phytochrome regulation in horticulture industry.