基于AHP-模糊综合评价法的泰山油松古树树势评价

古树名木是人类宝贵的自然遗产，科学准确地评价古树健康状况是实施古树名木保护与复壮的基础。选择有代表性的15株泰山油松Pinus tabuliformis古树，运用层次分析法（APH）和模糊综合评价法建立AHP-模糊综合评价模型，对泰山油松古树树势状况进行评价和分析。所调查的指标包括形态指标、生长指标、生理指标和枯死状态等4个方面共14个指标。研究表明:15株油松古树均呈现出不同程度的衰老表征，轻度衰老古树E0051和I0001与健壮油松相比，各项指标没有明显下降；中度衰老古树D0110，E0043，G0002等树冠残缺、枝条枯死、光合能力下降；J0008，E1108，E1097和E0002树势衰老情况严重，针叶稀疏、主枝及大枝大量枯死、细胞膜透性受到损伤。根据树势的不同，对油松古树进行复壮养护处理。图1表13参30

Vigor of old Pinus tabuliformis using the AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model

In response to concern for negative effects of air pollution and destroyed environment, a serious worry is now increasing in China. Monitoring forest health is important for the protection of plants. Old and famous trees are a natural human heritage. So, to scientifically and accurately assess the health status of old trees for better protection is necessary for managing the forest, fifteen old Pinus tabuliformis trees in Taishan were chosen, and an analytic hierarchy process AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was used. Fourteen indexes were studied in total including morphological index, growth index, physiological index, and deadwood states. Field investigations were took in the research along with laboratory experiments. Three of the fourteen indexes were studied in the laboratory including the content of chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate and cell membrane permeability. The rest were investigated in the outside. Results showed that all fifteen old P. tabuliformis trees had aging characteristics. Compared to healthy trees, two had low grade senescence with only slight decreases in indexes, higher chlorophyll content，photosynthetic rate and cell membrane permeability, luxuriant foliage, intact bark and several dead shoots. Six showed moderate senescence with an incomplete canopy, dead branches, and decreased photosynthetic capability. Four were unhealthy with sparse needles, a large number of dead main branches and limbs, and damaged cell membrane permeability. According to the vigor of old P. tabuliformis trees, a series of protection measures were put forward including pest control, setting the fences, spreading fertilizer, pruning. ［Ch，1 fig. 13 tab. 30 ref.］