重点国有林区改革对职工家庭收入的影响

利用重点国有林区3省24个林业局1454户职工家庭微观调查数据,考察重点国有林区开展的各项改革创新对职工家庭人均收入的影响,旨在为国有林区改革方案的制定提供有价值的实证支持。在采用逆概率加权法控制样本损耗偏误的基础上,通过极大似然估计法和最小二乘法估计重点国有林区各项改革对职工家庭人均收入的影响。研究发现:重点国有林区职工家庭人均非林业收入、非国有部门收入占家庭人均收入的比例持续上升,职工家庭对林业和国有部门的依赖程度逐渐下降。重点国有林区实施的市场化改革和森林资源承包管护责任制显著增加了职工家庭人均收入;加工企业转制和一次性安置富余职工则对职工家庭收入结构的变化有显著影响。重点国有林区推行的各项改革为完善改革方案提供了直接经验,同时现有改革也使改革的阻力和成本明显降低,深化改革的时机已经到来。

Impact of reform on household income in the key state-owned forest areas

Based on the survey data of 1454 households in 24 forestry bureaus of 3 provinces, this research used both MEL and OLS methods to evaluate the impact of the reform on household's per-capita income in the key state-owned forest areas. The study found that the proportion of both non-forestry income and income from non-state-owned sector in households' income was on the rise, which indicated that the households' dependence on the forestry and state-owned sector was declining. In particular, the market-oriented reform, forest management and protection reform had significantly increased households' per-capita income. The reform of both forest enterprise restructuring and permanent settlements of surplus employees had a significant effect on households' income structure. The findings of this paper implied that the performance of current reform would help improve policy design and thus decrease the implementation costs of the further reform in the future.