杂交水稻制种父母本同栽插秧机设计与试验

针对目前杂交水稻制种父母本人工插秧劳动强度大、效率低、成本高等问题，设计一种杂交水稻制种父母本同栽插秧机，可以同时栽插2行父本钵体苗和10行母本毯状苗。该机器在2ZT 9358型乘坐式水稻插秧机的基础上研制而成，根据杂交水稻制种农艺要求，确定了关键结构参数，并设计了父母本秧苗分插机构和移箱机构螺旋轴等关键零部件。田间试验表明：该机作业性能良好，生产率为0.35 hm2·h-1，父本秧苗和母本秧苗的伤秧率分别为2.7%，2.4%，漂秧率分别为2.2%，2.0%，漏插率分别为3.1%，3.2%，翻倒率分别为2.5%，2.1%，插秧深度合格率均为94%，相对均匀度合格率分别为90.5%，91.8%，符合水稻插秧机技术条件（GB/T 20864-2007），可满足实际生产要求。

Design of a rice transplanter used to synchronously transplant parental seedlings for hybrid rice seed production

At present， planting the parental seedlings for hybrid rice seed production was carried out artificially， which had a lot of problems such as large labor intensity， low production efficiency， high cost， etc. A kind of rice transplanter was developed to plant the parental seedlings synchronously as two lines of paternal seedlings and ten lines of maternal seedlings. The machine was developed based on 2ZT 9358 riding rice transplanter， according to the requirements of seed production of hybrid rice. The key structure parameters were determined， and the design of parental seedling transplanting mechanisms， the screw shaft of the box transferring mechanism and other key components were determined. Field test showed that the operating performance of the designed transplanter was pretty good.Its productivity was 0.35 hm2·h-1， the paternal and maternal damaged seedling rate were 2.7%， 2.4%， respectively， the floating seedling rate were 2.2%， 2.0%， respectively， the miss planting hill rate were 3.1%， 3.2%， respectively， the laid seedling hill rate were 2.5%， 2.1%， respectively， the percent of pass of planting depth were both 94%， and the percent of paternal pass of relative uniformity were 90.5%， 91.8%， respectively， which were all in line with the national standard for rice transplanter （GB/T 20864 2007）. In conclusion， the designed rice transplanter could meet the actual requirements for hybrid rice seed production.