Essential oil variation among and within six Achillea species transferred from different ecological regions in Iran to the field conditions |
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| Authors: | Mehdi Rahimmalek Badraldin Ebrahim Sayed Tabatabaei Nematolah Etemadi Sayed Amir Hossein Goli Ahmad Arzani Hossein Zeinali |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran;2. Department of Agricultural-Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran;3. Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran;4. Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran;5. Isfahan Agriculture Research Center, Isfahan 81785-199, Iran;1. Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal;2. REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;3. GIP-USAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;1. Université de Lorraine, UR-AFPA (Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalité des Produits Animaux), 1, Boulevard Arago, Metz Cedex 03, 57078, France;2. Université de Lorraine, LIBio (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Biomolécules), 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518 Vand?uvre-lès-Nancy, France;3. AGRITECH, 4, Rue Piroux, 54000 Nancy, France;1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran;2. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Shahrekord University, Shahekord, Iran;1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;3. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey;1. Department of Biology, Division of Plant Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;2. Laboratory of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;3. Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Department of Agriculture, University of Patras, 27200 Amaliada, Greece |
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| Abstract: | The compositions of essential oils of 19 accessions belonging to six different Achillea species, transferred from the natural habitats in 10 provinces of Iran to the field conditions, were assessed. The relationship between the leaf areas of selected accessions with their essential oil content was also investigated. Essential oil yield of dried plants obtained by hydro-distillation ranged from 0.1 to 2.7% in leaves. Results indicated a significant variation in oil composition among and within species. Total of 94 compounds were identified in 19 accessions belonging to the six species of A. millefolium, A. filipendulina, A. tenuifolia, A. santolina, A. biebersteinii and A. eriophora. The major constituents of the leaves in the tested genotypes were determined as germacrene-D, bicyclogermacrene, camphor, borneol, 1,8-cineole, spathulenol and bornyl acetate. According to the major compounds, four chemotypes were defined as: (I) spathulenol (1.64–34.31%) + camphor (0.2–15.61%) (7 accessions); (II1) germacrene-D (18.78–23.93%) + borneol (7.93–8.26%) + bornyl acetate (11.56–14.66%) (5 accessions); (II2) germacrene-D (13.28–36.28%) + bicyclogermacrene (5.93–8.4%) + 1,8-cineole (15.26–19.41%) + camphor (14.95–23.32%) (2 accessions); (III) borneol + camphor (52.04–63.27) (2 accessions); (IV) germacrene-D (45.86–69.64%) (3 accessions). The relationships of chemotypes with soil type and climatic conditions of collected regions were assessed, as probable reasons of high variations in essential oil components, and discussed. |
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