基于主成分分析法的中国林业产业竞争力水平评价

林业产业竞争力水平的定量评价是开展林业工作和制定林业政策的重要基础。以林业产业竞争力为研究对象，构建由林业资源禀赋、林业市场产出、林业市场投入、林业人力资本配置情况和林业灾害风险强度等5个一级指标下的共计17个二级指标组成的中国林业产业竞争力水平的评价指标体系；基于中国15省（自治区）2009-2013年相关统计数据，运用主成分分析法，评价全国和各省（区）的林业产业竞争力水平及其变化趋势。研究表明:中国林业产业竞争力水平发展缓慢，2009-2012年间中国林业产业竞争力水平指数由4.097缓慢升至4.140，总体上升幅度为1.05%，但在2013年呈下降趋势，其林业产业竞争力水平指数降至3.972，下降幅度为4.06%；全国各省（自治区）的林业产业竞争力水平发展不平衡，四川、广西、云南和湖南每年林业产业竞争力水平均领先全国。图1表3参11

Principal component analysis of China's forestry industry competitiveness

The quantitative evaluation of forestry industry competitiveness is an important foundation for carrying out the forestry work and making forestry policy. Taking the forestry industry competitiveness as the research object, the paper designed the competitiveness evaluation indexes of the forestry industry in China by selecting 5 primary indicators including forestry resource endowments, forestry market output, forestry market input, forestry human capital allocation and forestry disaster risk intensity, and 17 secondary indicators. The research used the statistical data of 15 provinces (regions) between 2009 and 2013, evaluated the forestry industry competitiveness and its change trend by the principal component analysis method. The studies showed that forestry industry competitiveness in China had a slow development:the competitiveness index increased slowly from 4.097 in 2009 to 4.14 in 2012, increasing by 1.05 per cent; the index decreased to 3.972 in 2013, a decline of 4.06 per cent. The development of forestry industry competitiveness among 15 provinces (regions) was unbalanced. Sichuan, Guangxi, Yunnan and Hunan were taking the leading positions in China in terms of their annual average forestry industry competitiveness.[Ch, 1 fig. 3 tab. 11 ref.]