四种蔷薇科果树扦插过程中插穗内含物变化分析

探究四种蔷薇科果树扦插后插穗的形态变化和内含物质变化，初步揭示四种果树扦插生根机制。以恐龙蛋、红富士苹果、云南红皮梨和大樱桃四种蔷薇科果树代表品种的一年生硬枝为插穗，扦插后定期观察插穗形态变化，记录插穗生根情况，取样测定插穗内源激素含量和氧化酶活性。对插穗形态观察发现，四种蔷薇科果树愈伤组织出现时间不一致，恐龙蛋插穗最早出现愈伤组织；扦插后60 d统计时，恐龙蛋插穗愈伤率为50.67 %，极显著（P<0.01）高于其他三种果树的愈伤率；恐龙蛋生根率为18.67 %，生根类型为愈伤组织生根，而其余三种果树插穗在观察期间未形成不定根。扦插后恐龙蛋插穗IAA含量、IAA/ABA和IAA/ZR比值呈升高-降低-升高变化趋势，而其余三种果树插穗呈升高-降低变化趋势；四种果树插穗ABA和ZR含量均呈升高-降低-升高变化趋势，GA3含量整体呈下降变化趋势（恐龙蛋插穗后期GA3含量有升高）；IAAO和PPO活性均呈升高-降低变化趋势，POD活性整体呈升高变化趋势。综合相关性分析结果表明：四种蔷薇科果树中恐龙蛋更适合扦插繁殖，插穗生根需要低含量的ABA和ZR，高含量的IAA和GA3，高活性的IAAO和PPO调控IAA含量，使得IAA/ABA和IAA/ZR比值增大，促进插穗生根。

Cutting Test of Four Rosaceae Fruit Trees and Change Analysis of Cutting Contents

In order to explore the morphological changes and contents of the cuttings of four Rosaceae fruit trees, the rooting mechanism of the four fruit tree cuttings was revealed. The annual hard branches of four Rosaceae fruit trees of Konglongdan, Fuji apple, Yunnan red pear and cherry were used as cuttings, and the morphological changes of the cuttings were observed regularly after cuttings, the rooting of the cuttings was recorded, and the endogenous hormone content and oxidase activity of the cuttings were sampled and measured. The observation of cutting morphology found that the callus of the four Rosaceae trees was inconsistent, and the callus of Konglongdan cuttings appeared first; when the cuttings were counted 60 d after cuttings, the callus rate of Konglongdan cuttings was 50.67 %, which was very significant (P<0.01) higher than that of the other three fruit trees; the rooting rate of Konglongdan was 18.67 %, the rooting type was callus rooting, and the other three fruit trees cutting did not form adventitious roots during the observation period. After cuttings, the ratio of IAA content, IAA/ABA and IAA/ZR in Konglongdan cuttings showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing and finally increasing, while the remaining three fruit trees cutting showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing; the ABA and ZR contents of the four fruit trees cutting were all shown as a trend of first increasing and then decreasing and then increasing, and the GA3 content as a whole showed a downward trend (the GA3 content of Konglongdan cuttings increased in the later stage); the activity of IAAO and PPO was all realized as a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The overall activity of POD showed an upward trend. The comprehensive correlation analysis results showed that Konglongdan in the four Rosaceae fruit trees were more suitable for cuttings propagation, and the rooting of cuttings required low content of ABA and ZR, high content of IAA and GA3, and high activity of IAAO and PPO regulated the IAA content, which increased the ratio of IAA/ABA and IAA/ZR and promoted the rooting of cuttings.