野生毛花猕猴桃软熟期果实糖酸组分差异分析及品质评价

为探究野生毛花猕猴桃果实糖酸组分与含量及主要品质差异，本研究以江西省南城县自然保护区境内采集的32份野生毛花猕猴桃果实为实验材料，采用HPLC技术对其软熟期果实糖酸组分与含量进行了测定，并利用主成分分析法对供试材料果实品质进行了评价。结果表明，所测野生毛花猕猴桃果实的主要糖组分中以果糖含量最高、葡萄糖次之、蔗糖最少。果糖含量最高达5.97 mg/g（MG24），最低为2.06 mg/g（MG3）；葡萄糖含量最高为5.21 mg/g（MG24），最低为0.52 mg/g（MG11）；蔗糖含量最高为2.49 mg/g（MG36），最低仅有0.29 mg/g（MG14）；它们之间均存在显著性差异。总糖含量最高为12.14 mg/g（MG24），最低为3.01 mg/g（MG11），具有显著性差异。供试材料的主要酸组分为奎尼酸，其次为柠檬酸。奎尼酸含量最高可达1.17 mg/g（MG14、MG15），最低为0.39 mg/g（MG24）；苹果酸含量最高为0.41 mg/g（MG12），最低为0.15 mg/g（MG17）；柠檬酸含量最高为1.37 mg/g（MG6），最低仅有0.35 mg/g（MG15）；总酸含量最高为2.87 mg/g（MG6），最低为1.00 mg /g（MG24），各含量之间均存在显著性差异。通过选取11个主要品质指标进行主成分分析，发现品质较优的从高到低依次为MG24、MG25、MG36、MG30。研究结果有助于发掘具有相关优良品质性状的野生种质资源，可为毛花猕猴桃新品种选育与遗传改良提供理论依据。

Difference analysis of sugar and acid components and quality evaluation of wild Actinidia eriantha at soft ripening stage

In order to explore the sugar and acid components and content of wild Actinidia eriantha, and the main quality differences, 32 wild kiwifruit samples collected in Nancheng County nature reserve of Jiangxi Province were used as experimental materials in this study. The sugar and acid components and content of the fruit at the soft ripening stage were determined by HPLC, and the fruit quality of the tested materials was evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that fructose content was the highest, glucose was the second and sucrose was the lowest among the main sugar components of wild A.eriantha. The highest fructose content was 5.97 mg/g (mg24) and the lowest was 2.06 mg/g (mg3); The highest glucose content was 5.21 mg/g (mg24) and the lowest was 0.52 mg/g (Mg11); The highest sucrose content was 2.49 mg/g (mg36) and the lowest was only 0.29 mg/g (mg14); There were significant differences between them. The highest total sugar content was 12.14 mg/g (mg24) and the lowest was 3.01 mg/g (Mg11), with significant difference. The main acid component of the tested materials is quinic acid, followed by citric acid. The highest content of quinic acid is 1.17 mg/g (mg14, mg15) and the lowest is 0.39 mg/g (mg24); The highest content of malic acid was 0.41 mg/g (mg12) and the lowest was 0.15 mg/g (mg17); The highest citric acid content was 1.37 mg/g (MG6) and the lowest was only 0.35 mg/g (mg15); The highest total acid content was 2.87 mg/g (MG6) and the lowest was 1.00 mg/g (mg24). There were significant differences among the contents. By selecting 11 main quality indicators for principal component analysis, it is found that the better quality are mg24, mg25, mg36 and mg30 from high to low. The results of this study will help to explore the wild germplasm resources with good quality traits, and provide a basis for the breeding and genetic improvement of new A.eriantha varietie theoretical basis.