普通核桃(Juglans regia)3个群体遗传结构的SSR分析

以新疆伊犁野核桃、喀什实生核桃及部分栽培品种共80份种质材料为试材,利用来自黑核桃的7对SSR引物进行群体遗传结构分析。结果显示,7对引物多态性带比率为92.3%～100%,均具有较高的多态性;伊犁野核桃、喀什实生核桃及栽培品种3个群体的期望杂合度分别为0.2325、0.3085、0.305,香农系数分别为0.3361、0.4669、0.4646,多态性带百分率分别为56.52、95.83、86.84%,表明3个核桃群体具有较高的遗传多样性水平,3个指标均显示喀什群体的最高、伊犁的最低;从3个群体中随机选出10个株系或品种进行聚类分析,所有参试株系或品种相互交叉,说明伊犁野核桃、喀什实生核桃和栽培品种之间存在基因渗透和交流(基因流Nm=2.0934);讨论了伊犁野核桃、喀什实生核桃和栽培品种的亲缘演化关系,研究结果为"我国是世界栽培核桃的起源中心之一"的论断进一步提供了分子证据。

Population genetic structure analysis of Juglans regia using SSR markers

7 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs of black walnut were used to study the genetic structure and diversity of 3 walnut (Juglans regia L.) populations in Yili, Kashi seedlings and cultivars (total of 80 samples). The results indicated that percentages of the polymorphic bands of primers varied from 92.3% to 100%among primers; expected heterozygosity of Yili, Kashi and cultivar population was 0.232 5,0.3085 and 0.305 respectively, Shannon’s index of those was 0.336 1,0.466 9, 0.464 6,and the rate of polymorphic band was 56.52%,95.83%,86.84%, Which reflected that these populations had a high level of genetic diversity, and the genetic diversity of Kashi population was the highest and that of Yili population was the lowest. There was cross phenomenon (gene flow Nm=2.093 4) among individuals based on cluster analysis; relationship and evolution of the these populations was discussed and the results offered molecular proof for the judgment that China is one of origin centers of walnut cultivars.