北方春玉米密植条件下玉米螟危害规律研究

2012～2013年于沈阳开展田间试验，对不同密度种植玉米田的玉米螟危害及玉米产量差异进行比较，研究玉米密植对亚洲玉米螟危害规律的影响。结果表明，一代玉米螟危害在2012年75 000株/hm²小区花叶率、虫孔数和幼虫数显著高于常规田，2013年90 000株/hm²小区花叶率、幼虫数、虫孔数高于常规田，花叶率和虫孔数差异显著；二代玉米螟危害在2012年75 000株/hm²雌穗被害率、虫孔数、幼虫数和被害率显著高于常规田，2013年90 000株/hm²小区雌穗被害率、虫孔数和幼虫数显著高于常规田。2012年种植密度与产量呈抛物线关系，2013年90 000株/hm²小区产量显著高于常规田，常规田百粒重和单穗重显著高于密植田。随玉米种植密度提高，玉米螟危害有加重趋势。

Occurrence of Asian Maize Borer under High Planting Density of the Spring Maize in Northern China

The experiment was conducted in Shenyang during 2012-2013. The damage of Asian maize borer and maize yield in different planting densities was compared, the effects of different planting densities on the damage of Ostrinia furnacalis were studied. The results showed that the destroyed leaf rate, wormholes, larvae of 75 000 plants/ha field were significantly higher than normal fields in 2012. The destroyed leaf rate, wormholes, larvae of high density field were higher than normal fields in 2013, significant difference was found in the destroyed leaf rate and larvae. The destroyed maize ears rate, wormholes, larvae and destroyed rate of 75 000 plants/ha field were significantly higher than normal fields in 2012. The destroyed maize ears rate, wormholes per 10 m², larvae per 10 m² of high density field were higher than normal fields in 2013. The parabolic relationship between density and yield was found in 2012. The maize yield of high planting density field was higher than that of normal density field 2013. With the growth of planting density, the damage of Ostrinia furnacalis was more serious.