生物炭对Cd/Hg污染沙土上菠菜生长的影响

榆林能源矿产资源富集一地，使得重金属污染物进入农业环境，尤其Cd、Hg污染较为严重，受污染土壤极大地降低了农作物品质，并通过食物链影响人们的身体健康。因此，本试验以菠菜为供试作物，研究三种添加量生物炭对镉/汞污染沙土及菠菜生长发育的影响，结果表明：不同添加量生物炭对不同处理土壤及种植菠菜生长发育的影响不同，但均有改良作用。但5%生物炭对镉/汞复合污染下土壤上菠菜生长影响效果最明显。(1)不同添加量生物炭对不同处理土壤菠菜生长均有促进作用。5%生物炭可显著提高镉/汞污染沙土菠菜的生理生长指标，包括株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽及叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率、光合速率、胞间CO₂、气孔导度等。(2)不同添加量生物炭均可改善菠菜的品质，尤其对于镉/汞复合污染沙土，5%生物炭处理时菠菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量最大，较CK分别增加11.9%、34.4%、11.8%,草酸含量降低24.7%;而对于原始沙土、单Cd污染和单Hg污染沙土下种植菠菜，可以通过添加10%的生物炭进行改善品质。

Effects of Biochar on Spinach Growth in Cd/Hg Polluted Sandy Soil

Yulin,abundant in energy and mineral resources, suffers from heavy metal environmental pollution, particularly from Cd and Hg contaminant.This contamination of sandy soil adversely affects crop quality and poses health risks to humans through the food chain.Therefore, we conducted an experiment to investigate the effect of biochar on Cd/Hg contaminated sandy soil and the growth and development of spinach.The results showed that the effects of biochar on Cd/Hg contaminated sandy soil and the growth and development of spinach were different, all of which demonstrated improvement. However, the effect of 5% biochar exhibited the most significant effect on spinach growth in Cd/Hg compound-polluted soil. The results could be summarized as follows:(1) Different amount of biochar promoted the growth of spinach in different soil. 5% biochar significantly improved the physiological indexes of spinach in Cd/Hg polluted sandy soil, including plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO -2 and stomatal conductance.(2) Different amounts of biochar improved the quality of spinach, especially in Cd/Hg polluted sandy soil. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline in spinach treated with 5% biochar were the highest, which increased by 11.9%, 34.4% and 11.8% ,respectively, and the oxalic acid content decreased by 24.7% compared with CK; For the original sandy soil, single Cd pollution and single Hg pollution sandy soil, the quality of spinach was improved by adding 10% biochar.