不同灌水量和灌水频率对番茄植株生长、光合与荧光特性的影响

针对水资源短缺且用水浪费的问题,本研究设置4个灌水量和2个灌水频率,4个灌水量按生育期进行调整,完全随机设计试验,旨在研究不同灌水量和灌水频率对番茄植株生长、荧光和光合参数的影响。研究结果表明:番茄株高、茎粗、光合参数以及荧光参数Fo、Fm、Fv等和均随着灌水量的增加呈增加的变化趋势,其中株高、茎粗和叶绿素随着频率的增加也增加,苗期L1P1的NPQ显著高于L2P2 17.6%;而荧光参数Fv/Fm苗期和开花坐果期时随着灌水量的增加呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,盛果期上升后无下降趋势,开花坐果期时L3P2比L2P2显著高出6.2%;qP和ETR在盛花期和盛果期随着灌水量的增加呈先增加后降低的变化趋势;利用隶属函数综合各指标分析得出:苗期至开花坐果期灌水量以100 m L/(株·d),开花坐果期至结果初期以250 m L/(株·d),盛果期至采收以灌水量450m L/(株·d)番茄产量保证且节约灌水,灌水频率为一天2次时对番茄生长有促进作用。

Effects of Different Irrigation Amount and Irrigation Frequency on The Growth,Photosynthesis and Fluorescence Characteristics of Tomato

Aiming at the problem of water shortage and water waste, this study set four irrigation and two irrigation frequency treatments and the four irrigation treatments are adjusted according to the growth stage.The experiment is completely randomly designed to study the effects of different irrigation amount and irrigation frequency on tomato plant growth, fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters.The results show that the changes of tomato plant height, stem diameter, photosynthetic parameters and fluorescence parameters, including F-o, F-m, F-v, all increase with the increase of irrigation amount;the plant height, stem diameter and chlorophyll also increase with the increase of frequency;the NPQ of the L1P1 treatment at seedling stage is significantly higher than that of the L2P2 treatment by 17.6%;the fluorescence parameters of Fv/Fm at seedling stage and flowering stage firstly increase and then decrease with the increase of irrigation amount, and there is no decline trend after the rise of the full fruit period;at the flowering and fruit development stage, the fluorescence parameters of F-v/F-m of L3P2 are 6.2% higher than that of L2P2;q-p and ETR increase at first and then decrease with the increase of irrigation amount at the flowering and fruiting stage.Based on the membership function, from the comprehensive analysis of the indexes, it is proposed that: the irrigation amount should be controlled at 100 mL per plant per day for seedling stage to flowering and fruit development stage, 200 mL per plant per day for flowering fruit setting period to early fruiting period, 450 mL per plant per day for full fruit period to harvest period, and the irrigation frequency of 2 times per day can promote the growth of tomato.