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Greenhouse gas emissions during the seedling stage of rice agriculture as affected by cultivar type and crop density
Authors:Yuchun Ma  Jinyang Wang  Wei Zhou  Xiaoyuan Yan  Zhengqin Xiong
Institution:1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
Abstract:Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from a paddy nursery at the rice seedling stage were measured on a daily basis by using the conventional rice cultivar Nangeng 56 under both conventional (NG-C) and reduced (NG-R) sowing density, and the hybrid rice Changyou 3 under both conventional (CY-C) and reduced (CY-R) sowing density. High N2O and CH4 emissions were observed during the first and last 2?weeks, respectively. Cumulative CH4 emissions were significantly (P?<?0.001) affected by sowing density rather than by the rice cultivar. Cumulative CH4 emissions reached 68.2?kg?C?ha?1 in the CY-C treatment and 121.6?kg?C?ha?1 in the NG-C treatment, which were significantly (P?<?0.001) higher than the emissions at reduced sowing densities (15.9?kg?C?ha?1 in the CY-R treatment and 20.9?kg?C?ha?1 in the NG-R treatment). Under the conventional sowing density, cumulative CH4 emissions during the seedling stage were comparable to data of rice-growing season. Both the rice cultivar and the sowing density significantly (P?<?0.05–0.01) affected cumulative N2O emissions. Relative to the CY cultivar, the NG cultivar increased global warming potential (GWP) over a 100-year horizon by 62.1% and 70.7% under the reduced and conventional sowing densities, respectively. The GWP of N2O and CH4 during the seedling stage was equivalent to the GWP of the entire rice-growing season in this region, indicating that the seedling stage is an important greenhouse gas emission source of rice agriculture.
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