银杏雌雄株性别鉴别研究进展

综述了银杏雌雄株特性及性别鉴别方面的研究，将其概括为形态学、生理生化、细胞学、同工酶及化学药剂处理等几个方面，通过形态特征来鉴别银杏雌雄株性别，相对比较简单易行；生理生化指标在已知性别的成年植株之间进行分析测定，结果存在着一定的差异性；用化学药剂处理，结果也有区别，但上述方法均欠准确可靠，染色体形态特征是进行银杏雌雄性别鉴定的重要方法之一，也是最直接的遗传学证据；用同工酶谱进行银杏雌雄株性别鉴定研究，同样具有一定的效果，但这2种方法要求较高，比较烦琐。特异蛋白质技术和分子生物学技术是近年来发展起来的鉴别植物雌雄株性别的新技术新方法，具有相对准确可靠的特点，在银杏雌雄株性别的鉴定上可以一试。参42。

Progress on sex identification of dioecism in Ginkgo biloba

Studies on the characteristics of the female and male plants and sex identification of dioecism in Ginkgo biloba were summarized and classified into 7 approaches in light of measures taken.The way of sex identification was comparitively hander by morphological characteristics in Ginkgo biloba ,and the analysis of physiology revealed that difference existed certainly amang adult plants of known sex,and chemical methods could distinguish the sex too.But above mentioned methods were all short of accuracy.Then sex identification by karyotype of chromosomes of Ginkgo biloba was a piece of important method and was also directest genetic proof,samely the way of isoenzyme was able to identify sex of it too.But these methods were complex and hard.Whereas new skills and methods of sex identification of plants were specific protein and molecular biology and were comparitively accurate.So these could be applied to test about sex identification of dioecism in Ginkgo biloba .