改性膨润土的制备和脱色性能研究

[目的]提高膨润土的脱色效果。[方法]采用膨润土为原材料，先加碳焙烧活化，再负载壳聚糖制备改性膨润土，研究了不同制备条件对脱色效果的影响。[结果]焙烧时间为2h，焙烧温度为200～600℃，加碳量为4％左右时，脱色率较高，达到90％以上。滴入15ml壳聚糖溶液后，脱色率达到了90％以上。改性膨润土在1539．15和2895．07／cm处出现了壳聚糖中的N—H键和C—H键的振动峰。改性膨润土在酸性条件下脱色效果优于碱性条件。改性膨润土和原土分别在40min和1h达到稳定状态，脱色率分别为90％和32％。[结论]改性膨润土的最佳制备条件为：焙烧时间2h，加碳量4％，焙烧温度500℃，壳聚糖：膨润土为0．07。脱色40min，废水色度去除率达90％以上。

Preparation of Modified Bentonite and Research of Its Decoloration

[Objective] The aim was to improve the decoloration effect of modified bentonite.[Method] With the bentonite as material,adding carbon was firstly roasted to activate it,then the chitosan was loaded on it to prepare modified bentonite.The influence of different preparation conditions on decoloration effect was investigated.[Result] When the roasting time was 2 h and roasting temperature was 200-600 ℃ and adding carbon amount was about 4%,the decoloration rate was better,being more than 90%.When 15 ml chitosan solution was dipped,the decoloration rate was above 90%.The modified bentnoite appeared the vibration peak of N-H bond and C-H bond at 1 539.15 and 2 895.07/cm resp.The modified bentnoite decoloration effect under acid condition was superior to that under alkaline condition.The modified bentonite and bentonite reached the stable state at 40 min and 1 h resp.and their decoloration effect was 90% and 32% resp.[Conclusion] The optimal preparation condition of modified bentonite was that the roasting time was 2 h,adding carbon amount was about 4%,roasting temperature was 500 ℃ and the ratio of chitosan to bentonite was 0.07.After decoloration for 40 min,the removal rate could reach more than 90%.