地理信息系统在林业中的应用、问题及前景(英文)

森林经营决策必须建立在现在和未来森林资源的时空分布信息基础上 ,而跟踪和获得森林资源信息的变化极具挑战性 ,因为森林资源是一个处于持续不断变化的动态生态系统 ,它的不定性和复杂性决定了森林经营需要更有用的和更及时的信息 ,因此时空信息是进行有效森林决策的基石 .现有的传统技术已满足不了大规模的森林规划和经营的需求 .地理信息系统是基于计算机基础之上的分析工具 ,能为森林经理提供复杂的空间信息 ,并建立定量模型 .本文综述了地理信息系统在森林经营方面的应用 ;指出了地理信息系统在林业中的效益、问题和局限 ;分析了地理信息系统在同其它空间技术如遥感、全球定位系统、人工智能建模、决策支持系统等方面的最新进展与发展方向

Geographic Information System in Forestry: Practices, Problems and Prospects *

Forest management decisions are made based on spatial|temporal information about both current and future forest resource conditions. It is a big challenge to track and project changes in forests, a long|lived dynamics biological systems, that are continuously changing. The uncertainties and complexes in managing the forests over time demand for more useful and timely information. So spatial|temporal information becomes the cornerstone of effective forest management decision|making. Traditional techniques cannot be used to solve sophisticated problems of forest planning and management at large spatial scales. Geographical Information System(GIS), the computer|based analytic toolbox for quantitatively modeling of spatial relationships and mapping system, plays an important role in providing the comprehensive spatial information for forest management. This paper reviews the current literature regarding GIS applications in forest planning and management, and discusses benefits, problems and limitations of GIS in forest practices. Furthermore, recent progress and future development in integrating GIS with other spatial technologies such as Remote Sensing (RS), Global Position System (GPS), and modeling approaches including artificial neural networks and forest simulation models into forest decision support systems are also discussed.