日本弓背蚁种群动态及繁殖规律的研究

对13巢日本弓背蚁进行调查,结果表明平均每蚁巢有卵249粒、幼虫592头,蛹306只、工蚁1298只、无翅雌蚁(蚁后)1只,各虫态数量无稳定比例.种群数量与蚁群年龄及土壤性质有关.每年秋季产生有性蚁,翌年4月下旬至5月上旬婚飞.婚飞后单个雌蚁繁育出第1批工蚁需37天.雌蚁在有工蚁照顾下每天产卵,日均产卵12.5粒,单个雌蚁产卵量低.雌蚁缺乏时,工蚁也可少量产卵.大、中、小型工蚁均有产卵能力,大型工蚁产卵力较强.单个饲养的工蚁不能产卵.

A Study on the Population Dynamics and Reproduction of Camponotus japonicus Mayr(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The widespread Chinese ant Camponotus japonicus nests under ground. An investigation of 13 nests from April to September indicated that an average sized colony comprises of 249 eggs, 592 larvae, 306 pupae, 1298 workers and 1 dealate female. Sexuals appear during autumn. After mating flight, the dealate females will come out of the nest for l - 2 hot and stuffy days during the period from the end of April to the first ten days of May to establish new colonies. A single female establishing a new colony will need 37 days for the first group of workers to hatch. The queen will lay an average of 12.5 eggs per day. It is estimated that one queen can lay 1250 eggs per year. Both major, medium and minor workers can lay eggs when the queen is absent. Major workers have a stronger fecundity than medium and minor ones. Colonies reproduce also by fissions during summer and autumn.