Cytological and geographical characterizations of Hemarthria |
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Authors: | K H Quesenberry A J Oakes Dorothy S Jessop |
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Institution: | (1) Department of agronomy, University of Florida, 32611 Gainesville, FL, USA;(2) Plant Genetics and Germplasm Insitute, USDA, 20705 Beltsville, MD, USA |
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Abstract: | Summary Chromosme numbers were determined for 56 Hemarthria altissima
(Poir.) Stapf et C. E. Hubb. introduction, forty of these were diploid (2n=18) and 16 were tetraploid (2n=36). These results, combined with previous findings, show that all but three of the tetraploids in the USDA Hemarthria altissima collection originated north of 20 S latitude. All other introductions collected throughout southern Africa were diploid. Meiosis was regular in a hexaploid, 6 tetraploid and 32 diploid introductions but a low frequency of quadrivalents was found in the teraploids. H. uncinata
R. Br. and H. uncinata var. spathacea (Domin) Vickery were found to have 2n=36 chromosomes H. compressa (L.f.) R. Br., introduced from Japan, had 2n=54 chromosomes. No major cytological abnormalities exist in these Hemarthria species. Significant variation exists among the ploidy levels for cold tolerance and in vitro organic matter digestion to provide the basis for a forage improvement program.Joint contribution from the Department of agronomy. Institute of food and Agric. Sciences (IFAS), Univ. of Florida. Gainesville, Fl and, Plant Genetics and Germplasm Institute, USDA, Beltsville, MD Published as IFAS Journal Series No. 2849. |
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Keywords: | Hemarthria spp limpograss plant introductions tropical grasses |
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