| 黄土高原降雨侵蚀力时空分布 |
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| 引用本文： | 殷水清,谢云. 黄土高原降雨侵蚀力时空分布[J]. 水土保持通报, 2005, 25(4): 29-33 |
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| 作者姓名： | 殷水清 谢云 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,地理学与遥感科学学院,环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(40171059)，国家自然科学重点基金(40235056) |
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| 摘 要： | 降雨侵蚀力时空分布规律定量研究是进行土壤侵蚀预报的基础。利用231个气象站多年平均年雨量资料估算了黄土高原地区多年平均降雨侵蚀力,并绘制了等值线图。利用17个气象站日雨量和日雨强资料估算了半月降雨侵蚀力及其年内分配特征。全区降雨侵蚀力变化于327~4416MJ.mm/(hm2.h.a)之间,等值线图显示降雨侵蚀力的空间分布与年降水量的空间分布规律十分相似,大致从东南向西北递减。半月降雨侵蚀力占年侵蚀力的累积频率表,为估算土壤侵蚀方程中土壤可蚀性因子和植被覆盖—管理因子提供了基础。侵蚀力年内分配集中度指标反映出黄土高原R值年内分配集中度很高,且多集中在6—9月,集中度最大的达96.4%,最小的也有66.9%。
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| 关 键 词： | 降雨侵蚀力 黄土高原 空间分布 季节分配 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-288X(2005)04-0029-05 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-06-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004-06-25 |
Spatial Variations and Seasonal Distributions of Rainfall Erosivity on Loess Plateau |
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| YIN Shui-qing and XIE Yun. Spatial Variations and Seasonal Distributions of Rainfall Erosivity on Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2005, 25(4): 29-33 |
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| Authors: | YIN Shui-qing and XIE Yun |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | Information on erosive rainfall is key to predicting soil erosion.Average annual rainfall data from 231 weather stations were used to determine the spatial distribution of erosive rainfall.Daily rainfall and maximum 10 min intensity data from 17 weather stations were used to determine the seasonal distribution of erosive rainfall.Results showed that the erosivity of rainfall decreases from the southeast to the northwest of the Loess Plateau study region,with annual rainfall showing a similar pattern.From the 231 weather stations,the highest R value was more than 4000MJ?mm/( hm2.h.a),while the lowest was 327 MJ.mm/(hm2.h.a).The percentage table of rainfall erosivity for a half month period was used to calculate soil erodibility and vegetation coverage factors.The seasonal distribution of erosive rainfall is very limited in the Loess Plateau.Of the 17 weather stations,the percentage of the sum of continual six-month erosive rainfall to annual erosive rainfall was from 66.9% to 96.4%. |
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| Keywords: | rainfall erosivity Loess Plateau spatial variations seasonal distributions |
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