小麦DH群体茎秆可溶性碳水化合物含量相关数量性状的遗传分析

以小麦DH群体（旱选10号×鲁麦14）的150个株系及其亲本为研究材料，分析雨养和正常灌溉条件下与茎秆可溶性碳水化合物含量相关的8个性状的相关性、遗传力、控制性状的基因数目及基因作用方式。结果表明，在两种水分条件下，DH群体各性状的表型值多数介于双亲之间，且出现超亲分离，变异系数在6.96%~65.72%之间。DH群体及其亲本各性状表型值普遍表现为雨养条件下的高于正常灌溉的。初花期、花后14 d和成熟期的茎秆可溶性碳水化合物含量（SSC_f、SSC_f14和SSC_m）之间相关性较低，而SSC_f14与其他多数性状在两种水分条件下分别表现极显著或显著的正相关。DH群体各性状的遗传力和调控性状的基因数目在雨养和灌溉条件下有较大差异。在雨养条件下的遗传力，SSC_f最高，为0.49，而籽粒灌浆效率（GFE）最低，为0.11，其他6个性状介于二者之间；而灌溉条件下的遗传力，GFE最高，为0.65，SSC_f最低，为0.51。在雨养条件下，控制GFE、可溶性碳水化合物的积累效率（AESSC）、SSC_f14和SSC_m的基因数目较多，分别为27、26、22和20对，控制可溶性碳水化合物的转运效率（RESSC）的基因数目最少，只有9对；而灌溉条件下，控制SSC_f14的基因数目最多（19对），控制RESSC的基因数目最少（4对）。两种条件下控制SSCm和灌溉条件下控制SSCf14的基因间存在互补作用，其他性状的多基因间未检测到互作效应；两种条件下的RESSC和GFE，以及灌溉条件下的AESSC基因间存在重叠作用。说明小麦茎秆可溶性碳水化合物含量相关性状的遗传基础是复杂的，在不同发育时期、不同水分条件下控制这些性状的基因可能具有不同的表达模式。

Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits Associated with Soluble Carbohydrate Content of Doubled Haploid Population in Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Stem

Genetic analysis of eight traits associated with stem soluble carbohydrate content under rainfed and well-watered conditions were undertaken using 150 doubled haploid population lines(DHLs) derived from two Chinese common wheat cultivars,Hanxuan 10 and Lumai 14.Mean values of all traits of DHLs were intermediate between two parents with the variation coefficients ranging from 6.96% to 65.72% under two water regimes.All traits of DHLs showed substantial transgressive segregation.And,phenotypic means of all traits of DHLs and their parents under rainfed condition were higher than those under the well-watered.Poor correlations were observed among stem soluble carbohydrate(SSC) contents at stages of flowering(SSCf),14 d after flowering(SSCf14) and maturity(SSCm),but significant or very significant positive correlations were observed between stem soluble carbohydrate content at SSCf14 and other traits.The heritability and the number of genes for all traits showed great differences between two water regimes.Under rainfed condition,the heritability of SSCf14 was the highest,up to 0.49,that of grain-filling efficiency(GFE) was the lowest(0.11),and that of other traits intermediated between them.Under well-watered condition,on the contrary,the heritability of GFE was the highest(0.65),while that of SSCf14 was the lowest(0.51).Under rainfed condition,the number of genes controlling GFE,AESSC (accumulation efficiency of stem soluble carbohydrate),SSCf14,and SSCm were the most with 27,26,22,and 20,respectively;but that of RESSC(remobilization efficiency of stem soluble carbohydrates) was only nine. Under well-watered condition,the number of genes was 19 for SSCf14,and 4 for RESSC.The complementary interactions were observed for SSCm under two water regimes and SSCf14 under well-watered condition,and the overlapping interactions were detected for RESSC and GFE under two water regimes and AESSC under well-watered condition,while no gene interaction was found for other traits. It indicated that the inheritance of these traits is complex,and there are different expression patterns of these genes according to different developmental stages or water regimes in wheat.