目标起始密码子多态性(SCoT)分子标记技术在花生属中的应用

花生属分子标记领域的研究远落后于其他物种,而栽培种花生因其遗传基础狭窄,用大多数分子标记技术都难以检测到丰富的分子标记,因此限制了花生属野生种在改良花生栽培种方面的利用以及建立花生分子标记辅助育种技术体系。本文分别对花生属4个区组的16份种质资源和8份花生栽培种资源采用与功能基因相关的SCoT分子标记技术研究了花生属种间和栽培种内遗传多样性和亲缘关系。23条SCoT引物在花生属试材基因组中的扩增位点共194个,其中多态性位点130个,多态性达67.01%,通过聚类分析研究了它们之间的亲缘关系;在栽培种内筛选出19条多态性引物,在8份试材基因组中扩增位点198个,其中多态性位点67个,多态性为33.84%,表明SCoT分子标记技术能在花生栽培种内检测出一定程度的DNA多态性。

Application of SCoT Molecular Marker in Genus Arachis

The study of molecular markers in the genus Arachis is far behind other species. It was difficult to identify DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut by most of the molecular marker techniques, because genetic base in cultivated peanut is narrow, limiting the utilization of the Arachis wild species to improve the cultivated peanut and the establishment of peanut breeding technologies of MAS. In the present study, SCoT molecular marker technique, which can be used to detect markers associated with functional genes, was firstly used to study the genetic diversity and relationships among sixteen accessions of four sections in the genus Arachis and among eight accessions of A. hypogaea, respectively. The results showed that a total of 194 loci were detected with 23 SCoT primers in the tested Arachis accessions, 130 of which were polymorphic with a polymorphism of 67.01%. The genetic relationships revealed by cluster analysis were in accordance with previous reports. Nineteen polymorphic SCoT primers were screened out, and a total of 198 loci were amplified in the tested cultivated peanut accessions, 67 (33.84%) of which were polymorphic. This indicated that SCoT marker technique can be used to detect a certain amount of DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut.