平朔矿区开采受损及治理区土壤养分特征对比分析

[目的]了解山西省朔州市平朔矿区土壤养分分布的空间规律,为以后施肥决策提供依据,加速改善矿区土壤状况。[方法]以平朔矿区为研究区域,分别采集开采未损区、开采受损区、受损治理区3个区域的土壤样本各30组,再通过试验测得土壤的养分含量并用R和Sufer等进行分析处理获取不同区域的养分变化情况,最后根据样本各养分因子的隶属度值和权重系数对土壤养分情况进行了综合评价。[结果]通过和土壤养分含量分级与丰缺度标准相对比,结果表明平朔矿区的养分丰缺度为急缺或缺状态,除pH值外其他养分指标变异系数及含量波动大,尤其开采未损区。土地复垦虽然可以一定程度地改善矿区的受损土壤,但是受损治理区土壤要想恢复到开采前状态,还需要很长时间。[结论]平朔矿区的采矿和土地复垦对土壤养分含量和土壤养分分布有重要影响。

Comprehensive Study on Soil Nutrient in Damaged and Controlled Areas in Pingshuo Mining Area

[Objective] We aim to understand the spatial distribution law of soil nutrient in Pingshuo mining area in Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, in order to provide the basis for fertilization decision in the future, and to accelerate the improvement in soil condition in mining area. [Methods] We took Pingshuo mining area as the research area, and collected 30 groups of soil samples respectively from mining undamaged areas, mining damaged areas and harnessing areas. The soil nutrient content was then measured by experiments and analyzed by R and Sufer, to obtain nutrient changes in different areas. Finally, the soil nutrient status was comprehensively evaluated based on the membership value and weight coefficient of each nutrient factor in the sample. [Results] Compared with soil nutrient content grading and the standard of nutrient abundance and deficiency, the nutrient was in a status of deficient or acute deficient in Pingshuo mining area. Except for pH value, the variation coefficients and content of other nutrient indexes fluctuated greatly, especially in the undisturbed areas. Although land reclamation could improve the damaged soil of the mining area to a certain extent, it would take a long time for the damaged soil to be recovered to the status before mining. [Conclusion] Mining and land reclamation in Pingshuo mining area have important influence on soil nutrient content and distribution.